2. Sabb±savasuttavaººan±
14. Eva½ me suta½…pe… s±vatthiyanti sabb±savasutta½. Tatr±ya½ apubbapadavaººan±– s±vatth²ti savatthassa isino niv±saµµh±nabh³t± nagar², yath± k±kand² m±kand² kosamb²ti eva½ t±va akkharacintak±. Aµµhakath±cariy± pana bhaºanti “ya½kiñci manuss±na½ upabhogaparibhoga½ sabbamettha atth²ti s±vatth². Satthasam±yoge ca ki½ bhaº¹amatth²ti pucchite sabbamatth²”ti vacanamup±d±ya s±vatth².
“Sabbad± sabb³pakaraºa½, s±vatthiya½ samohita½;
tasm± sabbamup±d±ya, s±vatth²ti pavuccati.
Kosal±na½ pura½ ramma½, dassaneyya½ manorama½;
dasahi saddehi avivitta½, annap±nasam±yuta½.
Vuddhi½ vepullata½ patta½, iddha½ ph²ta½ manorama½;
a¼akamand±va dev±na½, s±vatthipuramuttaman”ti.
Tassa½ s±vatthiya½. Jetavaneti ettha attano paccatthikajana½ jin±t²ti jeto, raññ± v± attano paccatthikajane jite j±toti jeto, maªgalakamyat±ya v± tassa eva½n±mameva katanti jeto, jetassa vana½ jetavana½. Tañhi jetena r±jakum±rena ropita½ sa½vaddhita½ parip±lita½, so ca tassa s±m² ahosi. Tasm± jetavananti vuccati, tasmi½ jetavane. An±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±meti ettha sudatto n±ma so gahapati m±t±pit³hi katan±mavasena. Sabbak±masamiddhit±ya pana vigatamalamaccherat±ya karuº±diguºasamaªgit±ya ca niccak±la½ an±th±na½ piº¹amad±si, tena an±thapiº¹ikoti saªkha½ gato. ¾ramanti ettha p±ºino visesena v± pabbajit±ti ±r±mo, tassa pupphaphal±disobh±ya n±tid³ranacc±sannat±dipañcavidhasen±sanaªgasampattiy± ca tato tato ±gamma ramanti abhiramanti anukkaºµhit± hutv± nivasant²ti attho. Vuttappak±r±ya v± sampattiy± tattha tattha gatepi attano abbhantara½yeva ±netv± ramet²ti ±r±mo. So hi an±thapiº¹ikena gahapatin± jetassa r±jakum±rassa hatthato aµµh±rasahi hiraññakoµ²hi koµisantharena k²ºitv± aµµh±rasahi hiraññakoµ²hi sen±san±ni k±r±petv± aµµh±rasahi hiraññakoµ²hi vih±ramaha½ niµµh±petv± eva½ catupaññ±sahiraññakoµiparicc±gena buddhappamukhassa saªghassa niyy±dito. Tasm± “an±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±mo”ti vuccati. Tasmi½ an±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±me. Ettha ca “jetavane”ti vacana½ purimas±miparikittana½. “An±thapiº¹ikassa ±r±me”ti pacchimas±miparikittana½. Kimetesa½ parikittane payojananti. Puññak±m±na½ diµµh±nugati-±pajjana½. Tatra hi dv±rakoµµhakap±s±dam±pane bh³mivikkayaladdh± aµµh±rasa hiraññakoµiyo anekakoµi-agghanak± rukkh± ca jetassa paricc±go, catupaññ±sa koµiyo an±thapiº¹ikassa. Iti tesa½ parikittanena eva½ puññak±m± puññ±ni karont²ti dassento ±yasm± ±nando aññepi puññak±me tesa½ diµµh±nugati-±pajjane niyojeti. Sabb±savasa½varapariy±ya½ vo, bhikkhaveti kasm± ida½ suttamabh±si? Tesa½ bhikkh³na½ upakkilesavisodhana½ ±di½ katv± ±savakkhay±ya paµipattidassanattha½. Tattha sabb±savasa½varapariy±yanti sabbesa½ ±sav±na½ sa½varak±raºa½ sa½varabh³ta½ k±raºa½, yena k±raºena te sa½varit± pidahit± hutv± anupp±danirodhasaªkh±ta½ khaya½ gacchanti pah²yanti nappavattanti, ta½ k±raºanti attho. Tattha ±savant²ti ±sav±, cakkhutopi…pe… manatopi sandanti pavattant²ti vutta½ hoti. Dhammato y±va gotrabhu½ ok±sato y±va bhavagga½ savant²ti v± ±sav±, ete dhamme etañca ok±sa½ anto karitv± pavattant²ti attho. Antokaraºattho hi aya½ ±k±ro. Cirap±riv±siyaµµhena madir±dayo ±sav±, ±sav± viy±tipi ±sav±. Lokasmiñhi cirap±riv±sik± madir±dayo ±sav±ti vuccanti. Yadi ca cirap±riv±siyaµµhena ±sav±, eteyeva bhavitumarahanti. Vuttañheta½ “purim±, bhikkhave, koµi na paññ±yati avijj±ya, ito pubbe avijj± n±hos²”ti-±di (a. ni. 10.61). ¾yata½ v± sa½s±radukkha½ savanti pasavant²tipi ±sav±. Purim±ni cettha nibbacan±ni yattha kiles± ±sav±ti ±gacchanti, tattha yujjanti, pacchima½ kammepi. Na kevalañca kammakiles±yeva ±sav±, apica kho n±nappak±rak± uppaddav±pi. Suttesu hi “n±ha½, cunda, diµµhadhammik±na½yeva ±sav±na½ sa½var±ya dhamma½ desem²”ti (d². ni. 3.182) ettha viv±dam³labh³t± kiles± ±sav±ti ±gat±.
“Yena dev³papatyassa, gandhabbo v± vihaªgamo;
yakkhatta½ yena gaccheyya½, manussattañca abbaje;
te mayha½ ±sav± kh²º±, viddhast± vina¼²kat±”ti. (A. ni. 4.36).–
Ettha tebh³makañca kamma½ avases± ca akusal± dhamm±. “Diµµhadhammik±na½ ±sav±na½ sa½var±ya sampar±yik±na½ ±sav±na½ paµigh±t±y±”ti (p±r±. 39) ettha par³pav±davippaµis±ravadhabandh±dayo ceva ap±yadukkhabh³t± ca n±nappak±r± upaddav±. Te panete ±sav± yattha yath± ±gat±, tattha tath± veditabb±.
Ete hi vinaye t±va “diµµhadhammik±na½ ±sav±na½ sa½var±ya, sampar±yik±na½ ±sav±na½ paµigh±t±y±”ti dvedh± ±gat±. Sa¼±yatane “tayome ±vuso ±sav±, k±m±savo bhav±savo avijj±savo”ti (a. ni. 6.63) tidh± ±gat±. Aññesu ca suttantesu abhidhamme ca teyeva diµµh±savena saha catudh± ±gat±. Nibbedhikapariy±ye– “atthi, bhikkhave, ±sav± nirayag±miniy±, atthi ±sav± tiracch±nayonig±miniy±, atthi ±sav± pettivisayag±miniy±, atthi ±sav± manussalokag±miniy±, atthi ±sav± devalokag±miniy±”ti (a. ni. 6.63) pañcadh± ±gat±. Chakkanip±te– “atthi, bhikkhave, ±sav± sa½var± pah±tabb±”ti-±din± nayena chadh± ±gat±. Imasmi½ pana sutte teyeva dassan±pah±tabbehi saddhi½ sattadh± ±gat±ti. Aya½ t±va ±savapade vacanattho ceva pabhedo ca. Sa½varapade pana sa½varayat²ti sa½varo, pidahati niv±reti pavattitu½ na det²ti attho. Tath± hi “anuj±n±mi, bhikkhave, div± paµisall²yantena dv±ra½ sa½varitv± paµisall²yitun”ti (p±r±. 77), “sot±na½ sa½vara½bra-³mi, paññ±yete pidh²yare”ti (su. ni. 1041) ca ±d²su pidh±naµµhena sa½varam±ha. Sv±ya½ sa½varo pañcavidho hoti s²lasa½varo satiñ±ºa khanti v²riyasa½varoti. Tattha “imin± p±timokkhasa½varena upeto”ti (vibha. 511) aya½ s²lasa½varo. P±timokkhas²lañhi ettha sa½varoti vutta½. “Cakkhundriye sa½varam±pajjat²”ti-±d²su (d². ni. 1.213) satisa½varo. Sati hettha sa½varoti vutt±. “Sot±na½ sa½vara½ br³mi, paññ±yete pidh²yare”ti aya½ ñ±ºasa½varo. ѱºañhettha pidh²yareti imin± pidh±naµµhena sa½varoti vutta½. “Khamo hoti s²tassa…pe…, uppanna½ k±mavitakka½ n±dhiv±set²”ti-±din± (ma. ni. 1.24-26) pana nayena idheva khantiv²riyasa½var± ±gat±. Tesañca “sabb±savasa½varapariy±yan”ti imin± uddesena saªgahitatt± sa½varabh±vo veditabbo. Apica pañcavidhopi aya½ sa½varo idha ±gatoyeva, tattha khantiv²riyasa½var± t±va vutt±yeva. “So tañca an±sana½ tañca agocaran”ti (ma. ni. 1.25) aya½ panettha s²lasa½varo. “Paµisaªkh± yoniso cakkhundriyasa½varasa½vuto”ti (ma. ni. 1.22) aya½ satisa½varo. Sabbattha paµisaªkh± ñ±ºasa½varo. Aggahitaggahaºena pana dassana½ paµisevan± bh±van± ca ñ±ºasa½varo. Pariy±yanti etena dhamm±ti pariy±yo, uppatti½ nirodha½ v± gacchant²ti vutta½ hoti. Ett±vat± “sabb±savasa½varapariy±yan”ti ettha ya½ vattabba½, ta½ vutta½ hoti. 15. Id±ni j±nato ahanti-±d²su j±natoti j±nantassa. Passatoti passantassa. Dvepi pad±ni ekatth±ni, byañjanameva n±na½. Eva½ santepi j±natoti ñ±ºalakkhaºa½ up±d±ya puggala½ niddisati, j±nanalakkhaºañhi ñ±ºa½. Passatoti ñ±ºappabh±va½ up±d±ya, passanappabh±vañhi ñ±ºa½. ѱºasamaªg² puggalo cakkhum± viya cakkhun± r³p±ni ñ±ºena vivaµe dhamme passati. Apica yonisomanasik±ra½ upp±detu½ j±nato, ayonisomanasik±ro yath± na uppajjati, eva½ passatoti ayamettha s±ro. Keci pan±cariy± bah³ papañce bhaºanti, te imasmi½ atthe na yujjanti. ¾sav±na½ khayanti ±savappah±na½ ±sav±na½ accantakkhayasamupp±da½ kh²º±k±ra½ natthibh±vanti ayameva hi imasmiñca sutte, “±sav±na½ khay± an±sava½ cetovimuttin”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.438) ca ±savakkhayattho. Aññattha pana maggaphalanibb±n±nipi ±savakkhayoti vuccanti. Tath± hi–
“Sekhassa sikkham±nassa, ujumagg±nus±rino;
khayasmi½ paµhama½ ñ±ºa½, tato aññ± anantar±”ti. (Itivu. 62)–
¾d²su maggo ±savakkhayoti vutto,
“¾sav±na½ khay± samaºo hot²”ti-±d²su (ma. ni. 1.438) phala½.
“Paravajj±nupassissa, nicca½ ujjh±nasaññino;
±sav± tassa va¹¹hanti, ±r± so ±savakkhay±”ti. (Dha. pa. 253)–
¾d²su nibb±na½ “±savakkhayo”ti vutta½.
No aj±nato no apassatoti yo pana na j±n±ti na passati, tassa no vad±m²ti attho. Etena ye aj±nato apassatopi sa½var±d²hiyeva suddhi½ vadanti, te paµikkhitt± honti. Purimena v± padadvayena up±yo vutto, imin± anup±yapaµisedho. Saªkhepena cettha ñ±ºa½ ±savasa½varapariy±yoti dassita½ hoti. Id±ni ya½ j±nato ±sav±na½ khayo hoti, ta½ dassetuk±mo kiñca, bhikkhave, j±natoti puccha½ ±rabhi, tattha j±nan± bahuvidh±. Dabbaj±tiko eva hi koci bhikkhu chatta½ k±tu½ j±n±ti, koci c²var±d²na½ aññatara½, tassa ²dis±ni kamm±ni vattas²se µhatv± karontassa s± j±nan± maggaphal±na½ padaµµh±na½ na hot²ti na vattabb±. Yo pana s±sane pabbajitv± vejjakamm±d²ni k±tu½ j±n±ti, tasseva½ j±nato ±sav± va¹¹hantiyeva, tasm± ya½ j±nato passato ca ±sav±na½ khayo hoti, tadeva dassento ±ha yoniso ca manasik±ra½ ayoniso ca manasik±ranti. Tattha yoniso manasik±ro n±ma up±yamanasik±ro pathamanasik±ro, anicc±d²su aniccanti ±din± eva nayena sacc±nulomikena v± cittassa ±vaµµan± anv±vaµµan± ±bhogo samann±h±ro manasik±ro, aya½ vuccati yoniso manasik±roti. Ayoniso manasik±roti anup±yamanasik±ro uppathamanasik±ro. Anicce niccanti dukkhe sukhanti anattani att±ti asubhe subhanti ayoniso manasik±ro uppathamanasik±ro. Saccappaµikulena v± cittassa ±vaµµan± anv±vaµµan± ±bhogo samann±h±ro manasik±ro, aya½ vuccati ayoniso manasik±roti. Eva½ yoniso manasik±ra½ upp±detu½ j±nato, ayoniso manasik±ro ca yath± na uppajjati, eva½ passato ±sav±na½ khayo hoti. Id±ni imassevatthassa yutti½ dassento ±ha ayoniso, bhikkhave…pe… pah²yant²ti. Tena ki½ vutta½ hoti, yasm± ayoniso manasikaroto ±sav± uppajjanti, yoniso manasikaroto pah²yanti, tasm± j±nitabba½ yoniso manasik±ra½ upp±detu½ j±nato, ayoniso manasik±ro ca yath± na uppajjati, eva½ passato ±sav±na½ khayo hot²ti, aya½ t±vettha saªkhepavaººan±. Aya½ pana vitth±ro– tattha “yoniso ayoniso”ti imehi t±va dv²hi padehi ±baddha½ hoti upari sakalasutta½. Vaµµavivaµµavasena hi upari sakalasutta½ vutta½. Ayoniso manasik±ram³lakañca vaµµa½, yoniso manasik±ram³lakañca vivaµµa½. Katha½? Ayoniso manasik±ro hi va¹¹ham±no dve dhamme parip³reti avijjañca bhavataºhañca. Avijj±ya ca sati “avijj±paccay± saªkh±r±…pe… dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Taºh±ya sati taºh±paccay± up±d±na½…pe… samudayo hot²”ti. Eva½ aya½ ayoniso manasik±rabahulo puggalo v±taveg±bhigh±tena vippanaµµhan±v± viya gaªg±vaµµe patitagokula½ viya cakkayante yuttabalibaddo viya ca punappuna½ bhavayonigativiññ±ºaµµhitisatt±v±sesu ±vaµµaparivaµµa½ karoti, eva½ t±va ayoniso manasik±ram³laka½ vaµµa½. Yoniso manasik±ro pana va¹¹ham±no– “yoniso manasik±rasampannasseta½, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno p±µikaªkha½, ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bh±vessati, ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bahul²karissat²”ti (sa½. ni. 5.55) vacanato samm±diµµhipamukha½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ parip³reti. Y± ca samm±diµµhi, s± vijj±ti tassa vijjupp±d± avijj±nirodho, “avijj±nirodh± saªkh±ranirodho…pe… eva½ etassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hot²”ti (mah±va. 1) eva½ yoniso manasik±ram³laka½ vivaµµa½ veditabba½. Eva½ imehi dv²hi padehi ±baddha½ hoti upari sakalasutta½. Eva½ ±baddhe cettha yasm± pubbe ±savappah±na½ dassetv± pacch± uppatti vuccam±n± na yujjati. Na hi pah²n± puna uppajjanti. Uppann±na½ pana pah±na½ yujjati, tasm± uddesapaµilomatopi “ayoniso, bhikkhave, manasikaroto”ti-±dim±ha. Tattha ayoniso manasikarototi vuttappak±ra½ ayoniso manasik±ra½ upp±dayato. Anuppann± ceva ±sav± uppajjant²ti ettha ye pubbe appaµiladdhapubba½ c²var±di½ v± paccaya½ upaµµh±kasaddhivih±rika-antev±sik±na½ v± aññatara½ manuñña½ vatthu½ paµilabhitv±, ta½ subha½ sukhanti ayoniso manasikaroto, aññataraññatara½ v± pana ananubh³tapubba½ ±rammaºa½ yath± v± tath± v± ayoniso manasikaroto ±sav± uppajjanti, te anuppann± uppajjant²ti veditabb±, aññath± hi anamatagge sa½s±re anuppann± n±ma ±sav± na santi. Anubh³tapubbepi ca vatthumhi ±rammaºe v± yassa pakatisuddhiy± v± uddesaparipucch±pariyattinavakammayonisomanasik±r±na½ v± aññataravasena pubbe anuppajjitv± pacch± t±disena paccayena sahas± uppajjanti, imepi anuppann± uppajjant²ti veditabb±. Tesuyeva pana vatth±rammaºesu punappuna½ uppajjam±n± uppann± pava¹¹hant²ti vuccanti. Ito aññath± hi paµhamuppann±na½ va¹¹hi n±ma natthi. Yoniso ca kho, bhikkhaveti ettha pana yassa pakatisuddhiy± v± seyyath±pi ±yasmato mah±kassapassa bhadd±ya ca k±pil±niy±, uddesaparipucch±d²hi v± k±raºehi ±sav± nuppajjanti, so ca j±n±ti “na kho me ±sav± maggena samuggh±ta½ gat±, handa nesa½ samuggh±t±ya paµipajj±m²”ti. Tato maggabh±van±ya sabbe samuggh±teti. Tassa te ±sav± anuppann± na uppajjant²ti vuccanti. Yassa pana k±rakasseva sato satisammosena sahas± ±sav± uppajjanti, tato sa½vegam±pajjitv± yoniso padahanto te ±save samucchindati, tassa uppann± pah²yant²ti vuccanti maº¹al±r±mav±s²mah±tissabh³tattherassa viya. So kira tasmi½yeva vih±re uddesa½ gaºh±ti, athassa g±me piº¹±ya carato visabh±g±rammaºe kileso uppajji, so ta½ vipassan±ya vikkhambhetv± vih±ra½ agam±si. Tassa supinantepi ta½ ±rammaºa½ na upaµµh±si. So “aya½ kileso va¹¹hitv± ap±yasa½vattaniko hot²”ti sa½vega½ janetv± ±cariya½ ±pucchitv± vih±r± nikkhamma mah±saªgharakkhitattherassa santike r±gapaµipakkha½ asubhakammaµµh±na½ gahetv± gumbantara½ pavisitv± pa½suk³lac²vara½ santharitv± nisajja an±g±mimaggena pañcak±maguºikar±ga½ chinditv± uµµh±ya ±cariya½ vanditv± punadivase uddesamagga½ p±puºi. Ye pana vattam±nuppann±, tesa½ paµipattiy± pah±na½ n±ma natthi. 16. Id±ni “uppann± ca ±sav± pah²yant²”ti idameva pada½ gahetv± ye te ±sav± pah²yanti, tesa½ n±nappak±rato aññampi pah±nak±raºa½ ±vik±tu½ desana½ vitth±rento atthi, bhikkhave, ±sav± dassan± pah±tabb±ti-±dim±ha yath± ta½ desan±pabhedakusalo dhammar±j±. Tattha dassan± pah±tabb±ti dassanena pah±tabb±. Esa nayo sabbattha.