3. Upanisasuttavaººan±

23. J±nato passatoti ettha dassana½ paññ±cakkhun±va dassana½ adhippeta½, na ma½sacakkhun±ti ±ha “dvepi pad±ni ekatth±n²”ti. Eva½ santep²ti padadvayassa ekatthattepi ñ±ºalakkhaºañ±ºappabh±vavisayasssa tath±dassanabh±v±virodhan±ti attho. Ten±ha “j±nanalakkhaºañhi ñ±ºan”ti-±di. ѱºappabh±vanti ñ±º±nubh±vena ñ±ºakiccavisayobh±santi attho. Ten±ha “ñ±ºena vivaµµe dhamme passat²”ti. J±nato passatoti ca j±nanadassanamukhena puggal±dhiµµh±n± desan± pavatt±ti ±ha– “ñ±ºalakkhaºa½ up±d±y±”ti-±di. J±natoti v± pubbabh±gañ±ºena j±nato, aparabh±gena ñ±ºena passato. J±natoti v± vatv± na j±nana½ anussav±k±raparivitakkamattavasena idh±dhippeta½, atha kho r³p±ni viya cakkhuviññ±ºena r³p±d²ni tesañca samuday±dike paccakkhe katv± dassananti vibh±vetu½ “passato”ti vuttanti eva½ v± ettha attho.
¾sav±na½ khayanti ±sav±na½ accantappah±na½. So pana tesa½ anupp±danirodho sabbena sabba½ abh±vo ev±ti ±ha “asamupp±do kh²º±k±ro natthibh±vo”ti. ¾savakkhayasaddassa kh²º±k±r±d²su ±gataµµh±na½ dassetu½ “±sav±na½ khay±”ti-±di vutta½. Ujumagg±nus±rinoti kilesavaªkak±yavaªk±d²na½ pah±nena ujubh³te savipassan±heµµhimamaggadhamme anussarantassa. Yadeva hissa parikkh²ºa½. Khayasmi½ paµhama½ ñ±ºa½ “tato aññ± anantar±”ti khayasaªkh±te aggamagge tappariy±pannameva ñ±ºa½ paµhama½ uppajjati, tadanantara½ pana aññ± arahattanti. Yadipi g±th±ya “khayasmi½”icceva vutta½, samucchedavasena pana “±save kh²ºe maggo khayo”ti vuccat²ti ±ha “maggo ±savakkhayoti vutto”ti. Samaºoti samitap±po adhippeto, so pana kh²º±savo hot²ti. “¾sav±na½ khay±”ti idha phala½, pariy±yena pana ±savakkhayo maggo, tena pattabbato phala½. Eteneva nibb±nassapi ±savakkhayabh±vo vuttoti veditabbo.
J±nato eva passato ev±ti evamettha niyamo icchito, na aññath± vises±bh±vato aniµµh±pannov±ti tassa niyamassa phala½ dassetu½ “no aj±nato no apassato”ti vuttanti ±ha “yo pana na j±n±ti, na passati, tassa no vad±m²ti attho”ti. Imin± khandh±na½ pariññ± ±savakkhayassa ekantikak±raºanti dasseti. Eten±ti “no aj±nato, no apassato”ti etena vacanena. Te paµikkhitt±ti ke pana teti? “B±le ca paº¹ite ca sandh±vitv± sa½saritv± dukkhassanta½ karissanti (d². ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.228) ahet³ appaccay± satt± visujjhant²”ti (d². ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.101, 227) evam±div±d±. Tesu keci abhij±tisaªkantimattena sa½s±rasuddhi½ paµij±nanti, aññe issarapaj±patik±raº±divasena. Tayida½ sabba½ sa½s±r±d²h²ti ettheva saªgahitanti daµµhabba½. Purimena padadvayen±ti “j±nato passato”ti imin± padadvayena. Up±yo vutto “±savakkhay±”ti adhik±rato. Imin±ti “no aj±nato, no apassato”ti imin± padadvayena. Anup±yo hoti esa ±sav±na½ khayassa, yadida½ pañcanna½ khandh±na½ apariññ±ti “j±nato passato”ti imin±va aniyamavacanena anup±yapaµisedhopi atthato bodhito hot²ti. Tameva hi atthato bodhitabh±va½ vibh±vetu½ eva½ sa½vaººan± kat±ti daµµhabba½.
Dabbaj±tikoti dabbar³po. So hi “drabyo”ti vuccati “drabya½ vinassati n±drabyan”ti-±d²su. Dabbaj±tiko v± s±rasabh±vo, s±ruppas²l±c±roti attho. Yath±ha “na kho dabba dabb± eva½ nibbeµhent²”ti (p±r±. 384). Vattas²se µhatv±ti vatta½ uttama½ dhura½ katv±. Yo hi parisuddh±j²vo k±tu½ aj±nant±na½ sabrahmac±r²na½ attano v± vassav±t±dipaµib±hanattha½ chatt±d²ni karoti, so vattas²se µhatv± karoti n±ma. Padaµµh±na½ na hot²ti na vattabba½ n±thakaraºadhammabh±vena maggaphal±dhigamassa upanissayabh±vato. Vuttañhi “y±ni t±ni sabrahmac±r²na½ ucc±vac±ni kiccakaraº²y±ni, tattha dakkho hot²”ti-±di (d². ni. 3.345). Eva½ j±natoti eva½ vejjakamm±d²na½ j±nanahetu micch±j²vapaccay± k±m±sav±dayo ±sav± va¹¹hantiyeva, na pah²yanti. “Eva½ kho…pe… ±sav±na½ khayo hot²”ti im±ya p±¼iy± arahattasseva gahaºa½ yutta½ phalaggahaºena hetuno avuttasiddhatt±. Ten±ha “±sav±na½ khayante j±tatt±”ti.
¾gamana½ ±gamo, ta½ ±vahat²ti ±gaman²y±, pubbabh±gapaµipad±. Khayasminti bh±venabh±valakkhaºe bhumma½, khayeti pana visaye. Ten±ha “±savakkhayasaªkh±te”ti. Upanis²dati phala½ etth±ti k±raºa½ upanis±. Arahattaphalavimutti ukkaµµhaniddesato. S±ti vimutti. Ass±ti paccavekkhaºañ±ºassa. Manasmi½ vivaµµanissite pana anantar³panissay±pi paccay± sambhavant²ti “labbham±navasena paccayabh±vo veditabbo”ti vutta½.
Virajjati asesasaªkh±rato eten±ti vir±go, maggo. Nibbindati et±y±ti nibbid±, balavavipassan±. Ten±ha “eten±”ti-±di. Paµisaªkh±nupassan±pi muccitukamyat±pakkhik± ev±ti adhipp±yena “catunna½ ñ±º±na½ adhivacanan”ti vutta½. “Y±va magg±maggañ±ºadassanavisuddhi, t±va taruºavipassan±”ti hi vacanato upakkilesavimutta-udayabbayañ±ºato para½ balavavipassan±. R³p±r³padhamm±na½ visesabh³to s±maññabh³to ca yo yo sabh±vo yath±sabh±vo, tassa j±nana½ yath±sabh±vaj±nana½. Tadeva dassana½. Paccakkhakaraºatthena ñ±tapariññ± t²raºapariññ± ca gahit± hoti. Ten±ha “taruºavipassanan”ti-±di. Saªkh±raparicchedeñ±ºanti n±mar³papariggahañ±ºa½ vadati. Kaªkh±vitaraºa½ paccayapariggaho dhammaµµhitiñ±ºantipi vuccati. Nayavipassan±dika½ anupassan±ñ±ºa½ sammasana½. Magg±maggeñ±ºanti magg±magga½ vavatthapetv± µhita½ ñ±ºa½. So hi p±dakajjh±nasam±dhi taruºavipassan±ya paccayo hoti. “Sam±hito yath±bh³ta½ paj±n±ti passat²”ti (sa½. ni. 3.5.; 4.99; 5.1071) hi vutta½.
Pubbabh±gasukhanti upac±rajjh±nasahitasukha½. Daratha paµippassaddh²ti k±macchand±dikilesadarathassa paµipassambhana½. “Sukha½p±ha½, bhikkhave, sa-upanisa½ vad±m²”ti ettha adhippetasukha½ dassetu½ “appan±pubbabh±gassa sukhass±”ti vutta½. “Passaddhak±yo sukha½ vedet²”ti (d². ni. 1.466;3.359; a.ni. 1.3.96) vutta-appan±sukhassa passaddhiy± paccayatte vattabbameva natthi. Sukhanti etth±pi eseva nayo. Balavap²t²ti pharaºalakkhaºappatt± p²ti. T±dis± hi vitakkavic±rasukhasam±dh²hi laddhappaccay± n²varaºa½ vikkhambhant² ta½nimitta½ daratha½ pari¼±ha½ paµipassambheti. Ten±ha “s± hi darathappassaddhiy± paccayo hot²”ti. Dubbalap²t²ti taruºap²ti. Ten±ha “s± hi balavap²tiy± paccayo hot²”ti. Saddh±ti ratanattayaguº±na½ kammaphalassa ca saddahanavasena pavatto adhimokkho, s± pana yasm± attano visaye punappuna½ uppajjati, na ekav±rameva, tasm± ±ha “apar±para½ uppajjanasaddh±”ti. Yasm± saddahanto saddheyyavatthusmi½ pamudito hoti, tasm± ±ha “s± hi dubbalap²tiy± paccayo hot²”ti. Dukkhadukkh±dibhedassa sabbassapi dukkhassa vaµµadukkhantogadhatt± tassa ca idh±dhippetatt± vutta½ “dukkhanti vaµµadukkhan”ti. Jar±maraºadukkhanti keci, sok±dayo c±ti apare. Tadubhayassapi saªgaºhanato paµhamo evattho yutto. Yasm± dukkhappatto kammassa phal±ni saddahati, ratanattaye ca pas±da½ upp±deti, tasm± vutta½ “tañhi apar±parasaddh±ya paccayo hot²”ti. Yasm± “±cariy±na½ santike dhamma½ sutv± pavattidukkhan”ti cintayato “ekantato aya½ dhammo imassa dukkhassa samatikkam±ya hot²”ti saddh± uppajjati. Ten±ha “dhamma½ sutv± tath±gate saddha½ paµilabhat²”ti-±di (d². ni. 1.191). Savik±r±ti upp±davik±rena savik±r± khandhaj±ti j±yanaµµhena. J±tiy± pana asati tattha tattha bhave natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti ±ha “s± hi vaµµadukkhassa paccayo”ti. Kammabhavoti kammabhav±diko tividhopi kammabhavo. So hi upapattibhavassa paccayo. Evam±di½ sandh±y±ha “etenup±yen±”ti. Sesapad±n²ti up±d±n±dipad±ni. Anulomañ±ºa½ saªkh±rupekkh±pakkhikatt± nibb±naggahaºena gahita½, gotrabhuñ±ºa½ paµhamamaggassa ±vajjana½. So hi tena vipassan±ya kiñci kiñci visesaµµh±na½ kayirat²ti ta½ an±masitv± nibbid³paniso vir±goti “vir±go”icceva vutta½.
Kena udakena vid±rayitv± gatapadesoti katv± kandaro. Nitambotipi udakassa. Yath± ninna½ udaka½ pavattati, tath± nivattanabh±vena nad²kuñchotipi vuccati. Hemantagimha-utuvasena aµµha m±se pavatto pathav²vivaroti katv± padaro. Khuddik± udakav±hiniyo s±kh± viy±ti s±kh± khuddak± sobbh± kusubbh± o-k±rassa u-k±ra½ katv±. Evameva khoti-±di “seyyath±pi, bhikkhave”ti-±din± upan²t±ya upam±ya upameyyena sa½sandananti, ta½ yojetv± dassetu½ “avijj± pabbatoti daµµhabb±”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha avijj± ca sant±navasena cira½tanak±lappavattanato pacurajanehi duppajahanato “pabbato”ti vutt±. Lokattay±bhiby±panato abhisandanato ca abhisaªkh±r± meghasadis±. Abhisaªkh±r± meghoti daµµhabb±ti ±netv± sambandho. Tath± sesapadadvayepi. Viññ±º±divaµµa½ anupavattito paramparapaccayato ca kandar±disadis±. Vimutti ekarasatt±, h±nivuddhi-abh±vato ca s±garasadis±ti upam±sa½sandana½.
Tattha yasm± purimasiddh±ya avijj±ya sati abhisaªkh±r±, n±sati, tasm± te uparipabbate pavatt± viya hont²ti vutta½ “avijj±…pe… vassana½ veditabban”ti. Assutav± h²ti-±di vuttasseva atthassa samatthana½. Taºh±ya abhil±sa½ katv±ti etena sabbassapi abhisaªkh±ravuµµhitemanattha½ d²peti. Taºh± hi “sneho”ti vutt±. Antimabhavikassa antabhavanibbattako abhisaªkh±ro nibb±na½ na patto, tadantassa bh±gassa nibb±na½ ±hacca µhito viya hot²ti “mah±samudda½ ±hacca µhitak±lo viy±”ti upam±nidassana½ kata½. Viññ±º±divaµµa½ p³retv±pi imin±pi hi antimabhavikasseva viññ±ºappavatti dassit±. S± hi p³rit±ti vattabb± tato para½ viññ±º±divaµµasseva abh±vato. J±tassa puggalassa j±tipaccayavaµµadukkhavedan±ya dhammassavana½ icchitabba½, ta½ pana yadipi imasmi½ sutte na ±gata½, suttantaresu pana ±gatamev±ti tato ±haritv± ta½ vattabbanti dassento “buddhavacana½ pan±”ti-±dim±ha. Tayida½ s±vakabodhisatt±na½ vasen±ya½ desan±ti katv± vutta½. Itaresa½ pana vasena vuccam±na½ suttantaraggahaºattha½ payojana½ natth²ti “y± h²”ti-±dim±ha. P±¼iy± vasena gahitamev±ti saªkhepato vutta-atthassa vitth±rato dassana½. Nibbatt²ti nibbattam±n± khandh± gahit±ti ±ha “savik±r±”ti. Aniccat±lakkhaº±did²panato lakkhaº±haµa½. Kamm±kammanti vinicchaya½. Nijjaµanti niggumba½, suddhanti attho. Pathav²kasiº±d²su kamma½ ±rabhat²ti-±di p±¼iya½ samathapubbaªgam± vipassan± dassit±ti katv± vutta½ Evañhi p±mojj±didassana½ sambhavat²ti. Devass±ti meghassa. Kasm± panettha “kh²º±savassa…pe… µhitak±lo veditabbo”ti vutta½, nanu pubbe devaµµh±niyo abhisaªkh±ro vutto, na abhisaªkh±ro kh²º±savoti? N±ya½ doso, k±raº³pac±rena phalassa vuttatt±. Abhisaªkh±ram³lako hi khandhasant±no khandhasant±ne ca ucchinnasa½yoge kh²º±savasamaññ±ti.

Upanisasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.