8. Mah±hatthipadopamasuttavaººan±

300. Eva½ me sutanti mah±hatthipadopamasutta½. Tattha jaªgal±nanti pathav²talac±r²na½. P±º±nanti sap±dakap±º±na½. Padaj±t±n²ti pad±ni. Samodh±na½ gacchant²ti odh±na½ pakkhepa½ gacchanti. Aggamakkh±yat²ti seµµha½ akkh±yati. Yadida½ mahantatten±ti mahantabh±vena agga½ akkh±yati, na guºavasen±ti attho. Ye keci kusal± dhamm±ti ye keci lokiy± v± lokuttar± v± kusal± dhamm±. Saªgaha½ gacchant²ti ettha catubbidho saªgaho– saj±tisaªgaho, sañj±tisaªgaho, kiriyasaªgaho, gaºanasaªgahoti. Tattha “sabbe khattiy± ±gacchantu sabbe br±hmaº±”ti eva½ sam±naj±tivasena saªgaho saj±tisaªgaho n±ma. “Sabbe kosalak± sabbe m±gadhak±”ti eva½ sañj±tidesavasena saªgaho sañj±tisaªgaho n±ma. “Sabbe rathik± sabbe dhanuggah±”ti eva½ kiriyavasena saªgaho kiriyasaªgaho n±ma. “Cakkh±yatana½ katamakkhandhagaºana½ gacchat²ti? Cakkh±yatana½ r³pakkhandhagaºana½ gacchati. Hañci cakkh±yatana½ r³pakkhandhagaºana½ gacchati, tena vata re vattabbe cakkh±yatana½ r³pakkhandhena saªgahitan”ti (kath±. 471), aya½ gaºanasaªgaho n±ma. Imasmimpi µh±ne ayameva adhippeto.

Nanu ca “catunna½ ariyasacc±na½ kati kusal± kati akusal± kati aby±kat±ti pañhassa vissajjane samudayasacca½ akusala½, maggasacca½ kusala½, nirodhasacca½ aby±kata½, dukkhasacca½ siy± kusala½, siy± akusala½, siy± aby±katan”ti (vibha. 216-217) ±gatatt± catubh³makampi kusala½ diya¹¹hameva sacca½ bhajati. Atha kasm± mah±thero cat³su ariyasaccesu gaºana½ gacchat²ti ±h±ti? Sacc±na½ antogadhatt±. Yath± hi “s±dhikamida½, bhikkhave, diya¹¹hasikkh±padasata½ anvaddham±sa½ uddesa½ ±gacchati, yattha attak±m± kulaputt± sikkhanti. Tisso im±, bhikkhave, sikkh± adhis²lasikkh± adhicittasikkh± adhipaññ±sikkh±”ti (a. ni. 3.88) ettha s±dhikamida½ diya¹¹hasikkh±padasata½ ek± adhis²lasikkh±va hoti, ta½ sikkhantopi tisso sikkh± sikkhat²ti dassito, sikkh±na½ antogadhatt±. Yath± ca ekassa hatthipadassa cat³su koµµh±sesu ekasmi½ koµµh±se otiºº±nipi dv²su t²su cat³su koµµh±sesu otiºº±nipi siªg±lasasamig±d²na½ p±d±ni hatthipade samodh±na½ gat±neva honti. Hatthipadato amuccitv± tasseva antogadhatt±. Evameva ekasmimpi dv²supi t²supi cat³supi saccesu gaºana½ gat± dhamm± cat³su saccesu gaºana½ gat±va honti; sacc±na½ antogadhatt±ti diya¹¹hasaccagaºana½ gatepi kusaladhamme “sabbe te cat³su ariyasaccesu saªgaha½ gacchant²”ti ±ha. “Dukkhe ariyasacce”ti-±d²su uddesapadesu ceva j±tipi dukkh±ti-±d²su niddesapadesu ca ya½ vattabba½, ta½ visuddhimagge vuttameva. Kevala½ panettha desan±nukkamova veditabbo.

301. Yath± hi cheko vil²vak±ro suj±ta½ ve¼u½ labhitv± catudh± chetv± tato tayo koµµh±se µhapetv± eka½ gaºhitv± pañcadh± bhindeyya, tatopi catt±ro µhapetv± eka½ gaºhitv± ph±lento pañca pesiyo kareyya, tato catasso µhapetv± eka½ gaºhitv± kucchibh±ga½ piµµhibh±ganti dvidh± ph±letv± piµµhibh±ga½ µhapetv± kucchibh±ga½ ±d±ya tato samuggab²janit±lavaºµ±din±nappak±ra½ ve¼uvikati½ kareyya, so piµµhibh±gañca itar± ca catasso pesiyo itare ca catt±ro koµµh±se itare ca tayo koµµh±se kamm±ya na upanessat²ti na vattabbo. Ekappah±rena pana upanetu½ na sakk±, anupubbena upanessati. Evameva aya½ mah±theropi vil²vak±ro suj±ta½ ve¼u½ labhitv± catt±ro koµµh±se viya, ima½ mahanta½ suttanta½ ±rabhitv± catu-ariyasaccavasena m±tika½ µhapesi. Vil²vak±rassa tayo koµµh±se µhapetv± eka½ gahetv± tassa pañcadh± karaºa½ viya therassa t²ºi ariyasacc±ni µhapetv± eka½ dukkhasacca½ gahetv± bh±jentassa khandhavasena pañcadh± karaºa½. Tato yath± so vil²vak±ro catt±ro koµµh±se µhapetv± eka½ bh±ga½ gahetv± pañcadh± ph±lesi, eva½ thero catt±ro ar³pakkhandhe µhapetv± r³pakkhandha½ vibhajanto catt±ri ca mah±bh³t±ni catunnañca mah±bh³t±na½ up±d±ya r³panti pañcadh± ak±si. Tato yath± so vil²vak±ro catasso pesiyo µhapetv± eka½ gahetv± kucchibh±ga½ piµµhibh±ganti dvidh± ph±lesi, eva½ thero up±d±ya r³pañca tisso ca dh±tuyo µhapetv± eka½ pathav²dh±tu½ vibhajanto ajjhattikab±hiravasena dvidh± dassesi. Yath± so vil²vak±ro piµµhibh±ga½ µhapetv± kucchibh±ga½ ±d±ya n±nappak±ra½ vil²vavikati½ ak±si, eva½ thero b±hira½ pathav²dh±tu½ µhapetv± ajjhattika½ pathav²dh±tu½ v²satiy± ±k±rehi vibhajitv± dassetu½ katam± c±vuso, ajjhattik± pathav²dh±t³ti-±dim±ha.

Yath± pana vil²vak±ro piµµhibh±gañca itar± ca cattasso pesiyo itare ca catt±ro koµµh±se itare ca tayo koµµh±se anupubbena kamm±ya upanessati, na hi sakk± ekappah±rena upanetu½, eva½ theropi b±hirañca pathav²dh±tu½ itar± ca tisso dh±tuyo up±d±r³pañca itare ca catt±ro ar³pino khandhe itar±ni ca t²ºi ariyasacc±ni anupubbena vibhajitv± dassessati, na hi sakk± ekappah±rena dassetu½. Apica r±japutt³pam±yapi aya½ kamo vibh±vetabbo–

Eko kira mah±r±j±, tassa parosahassa½ putt±. So tesa½ pi¼andhanaparikkh±ra½ cat³su pe¼±su µhapetv± jeµµhaputtassa appesi– “ida½ te, t±ta, bh±tik±na½ pi¼andhanabhaº¹a½ tath±r³pe chaºe sampatte pi¼andhana½ no deh²ti y±cant±na½ dadeyy±s²”ti. So “s±dhu dev±”ti s±ragabbhe paµis±mesi, tath±r³pe chaºadivase r±japutt± rañño santika½ gantv± “pi¼andhana½ no, t±ta, detha, nakkhatta½ k²¼iss±m±”ti ±ha½su. T±t±, jeµµhabh±tikassa vo hatthe may± pi¼andhana½ µhapita½, ta½ ±har±petv± pi¼andhath±ti. Te s±dh³ti paµissuºitv± tassa santika½ gantv±, “tumh±ka½ kira no hatthe pi¼andhanabhaº¹a½, ta½ deth±”ti ±ha½su. So eva½ kariss±m²ti gabbha½ vivaritv±, catasso pe¼±yo n²haritv± tisso µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv±, tato pañca samugge n²haritv± catt±ro µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv±, tato pañcasu karaº¹esu n²haritesu catt±ro µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv± pidh±na½ passe µhapetv± tato hatth³pagap±d³pag±d²ni n±nappak±r±ni pi¼andhan±ni n²haritv± ad±si. So kiñc±pi itarehi cat³hi karaº¹ehi itarehi cat³hi samuggehi itar±hi t²hi pe¼±hi na t±va bh±jetv± deti, anupubbena pana dassati, na hi sakk± ekappah±rena d±tu½.

Tattha mah±r±j± viya bhagav± daµµhabbo. Vuttampi ceta½– “r±j±hamasmi sel±ti bhagav±, dhammar±j± anuttaro”ti (su. ni. 559). Jeµµhaputto viya s±riputtatthero, vuttampi ceta½– “ya½ kho ta½, bhikkhave, samm± vadam±no vadeyya, ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato j±to dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammad±y±do, no ±misad±y±do’ti s±riputtameva ta½ samm± vadam±no vadeyya, bhagavato putto…pe… no ±misad±y±do”ti (ma. ni. 3.97). Parosahassar±japutt± viya bhikkhusaªgho daµµhabbo. Vuttampi ceta½–

“Parosahassa½ bhikkh³na½, sugata½ payirup±sati;
desenta½ viraja½ dhamma½, nibb±na½ akutobhayan”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.216).

Rañño tesa½ putt±na½ pi¼andhana½ cat³su pe¼±su pakkhipitv± jeµµhaputtassa hatthe µhapitak±lo viya bhagavato dhammasen±patissa hatthe catusaccappak±san±ya µhapitak±lo, tenev±ha– “s±riputto, bhikkhave, pahoti catt±ri ariyasacc±ni vitth±rena ±cikkhitu½ desetu½ paññ±petu½ paµµhapetu½ vivaritu½ vibhajitu½ utt±n²k±tun”ti (ma. ni. 3.371). Tath±r³pe khaºe tesa½ r±japutt±na½ ta½ r±j±na½ upasaªkamitv± pi¼andhana½ y±canak±lo viya bhikkhusaªghassa vass³pan±yikasamaye ±gantv± dhammadesan±ya y±citak±lo. Upakaµµh±ya kira vass³pan±yik±ya ida½ sutta½ desita½. Rañño, “t±t±, jeµµhabh±tikassa vo hatthe may± pi¼andhana½ µhapita½ ta½ ±har±petv± pi¼andhath±”ti vuttak±lo viya sambuddhen±pi, “sevetha, bhikkhave, s±riputtamoggall±ne, bhajatha, bhikkhave, s±riputtamoggall±ne. Paº¹it± bhikkh³ anugg±hak± sabrahmac±r²nan”ti eva½ dhammasen±patino santike bhikkh³na½ pesitak±lo.

R±japuttehi rañño katha½ sutv± jeµµhabh±tikassa santika½ gantv± pi¼andhana½ y±citak±lo viya bhikkh³hi satthukatha½ sutv± dhammasen±pati½ upasaªkamma dhammadesana½ ±y±citak±lo. Jeµµhabh±tikassa gabbha½ vivaritv± catasso pe¼±yo n²haritv± µhapana½ viya dhammasen±patissa ima½ suttanta½ ±rabhitv± catunna½ ariyasacc±na½ vasena m±tik±ya µhapana½. Tisso pe¼±yo µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv± tato pañcasamuggan²haraºa½ viya t²ºi ariyasacc±ni µhapetv± dukkha½ ariyasacca½ vibhajantassa pañcakkhandhadassana½. Catt±ro samugge µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv± tato pañcakaraº¹an²haraºa½ viya catt±ro ar³pakkhandhe µhapetv± eka½ r³pakkhandha½ vibhajantassa catumah±bh³ta-up±d±r³pavasena pañcakoµµh±sadassana½.

302. Catt±ro karaº¹e µhapetv± eka½ vivaritv± pidh±na½ passe µhapetv± hatth³pagap±d³pag±dipi¼andhanad±na½ viya t²ºi mah±bh³t±ni up±d±r³pañca µhapetv± eka½ pathav²dh±tu½ vibhajantassa b±hira½ t±va pidh±na½ viya µhapetv± ajjhattik±ya pathav²dh±tuy± n±n±sabh±vato v²satiy± ±k±rehi dassanattha½ “katam± c±vuso ajjhattik± pathav²dh±t³”ti-±divacana½.

Tassa pana r±japuttassa tehi cat³hi karaº¹ehi cat³hi samuggehi t²hi ca pe¼±hi pacch± anupubbena n²haritv± pi¼andhanad±na½ viya therass±pi itaresañca tiººa½ mah±bh³t±na½ up±d±r³p±nañca catunna½ ar³pakkhandh±nañca tiººa½ ariyasacc±nañca pacch± anupubbena bh±jetv± dassana½ veditabba½. Ya½ paneta½ “katam± c±vuso, ajjhattik± pathav²dh±t³”ti-±di vutta½. Tattha ajjhatta½ paccattanti ubhayampeta½ niyak±dhivacanameva. Kakkha¼anti thaddha½. Kharigatanti pharusa½. Up±dinnanti na kammasamuµµh±nameva, avisesena pana sar²raµµhakasseta½ gahaºa½. Sar²raµµhakañhi up±dinna½ v± hotu, anup±dinna½ v±, ±dinnagahitapar±maµµhavasena sabba½ up±dinnameva n±ma. Seyyathida½– kes± lom±…pe… udariya½ kar²santi ida½ dh±tukammaµµh±nikassa kulaputtassa ajjhattikapathav²dh±tuvasena t±va kammaµµh±na½ vibhatta½. Ettha pana manasik±ra½ ±rabhitv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± arahatta½ gahetuk±mena ya½ k±tabba½, ta½ sabba½ visuddhimagge vitth±ritameva. Matthaluªga½ pana na idha p±¼i-±ru¼ha½. Tampi ±haritv±, visuddhimagge vuttanayeneva vaººasaºµh±n±divasena vavatthapetv±, “ayampi acetan± aby±kat± suññ± thaddh± pathav²dh±tu ev±”ti manasi k±tabba½. Ya½ v± panaññamp²ti ida½ itaresu t²su koµµh±sesu anugat±ya pathav²dh±tuy± gahaºattha½ vutta½. Y± ceva kho pana ajjhattik± pathav²dh±t³ti y± ca aya½ vuttappak±r± ajjhattik± pathav²dh±tu. Y± ca b±hir±ti y± ca vibhaªge, “ayo loha½ tipu s²san”ti-±din± (vibha. 173) nayena ±gat± b±hir± pathav²dh±tu.

Ett±vat± therena ajjhattik± pathav²dh±tu n±n±sabh±vato v²satiy± ±k±rehi vitth±rena dassit±, b±hir± saªkhepena. Kasm±? Yasmiñhi µh±ne satt±na½ ±layo nikanti patthan± pariyuµµh±na½ gahaºa½ par±m±so balav± hoti, tattha tesa½ ±lay±d²na½ uddharaºattha½ buddh± v± buddhas±vak± v± vitth±rakatha½ kathenti. Yattha pana na balav±, tattha kattabbakicc±bh±vato saªkhepena kathenti. Yath± hi kassako khetta½ kasam±no yattha m³lasant±nak±na½ balavat±ya naªgala½ laggati, tattha goºe µhapetv± pa½su½ viy³hitv± m³lasant±nak±ni chetv± chetv± uddharanto bahu½ v±y±ma½ karoti. Yattha t±ni natthi, tattha balava½ payoga½ katv± goºe piµµhiya½ paharam±no kasatiyeva, eva½sampadamida½ veditabba½.