Eko kira br±hmaºo cintesi– “buddharatanassa ca saªgharatanassa ca p³j± paññ±yati, katha½ nu kho dhammaratana½ p³jita½ n±ma hot²”ti? So bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± etamattha½ pucchi. Bhagav± ±ha– “sacesi, br±hmaºa, dhammaratana½ p³jituk±mo, eka½ bahussuta½ p³jeh²”ti bahussuta½, bhante, ±cikkhath±ti bhikkhusaªgha½ pucchati. So bhikkhusaªgha½ upasaªkamitv± bahussuta½, bhante, ±cikkhath±ti ±ha. ¾nandatthero br±hmaº±ti. Br±hmaºo thera½ sahassagghanikena c²varena p³jesi. Thero ta½ gahetv± bhagavato santika½ agam±si. Bhagav± “kuto, ±nanda, laddhan”ti ±ha. Ekena, bhante, br±hmaºena dinna½, ida½ pan±ha½ ±yasmato s±riputtassa d±tuk±moti. Dehi, ±nand±ti. C±rika½ pakkanto, bhanteti. ¾gatak±le deh²ti. Sikkh±pada½, bhante, paññattanti. Kad± pana s±riputto ±gamissat²ti? Das±hamattena, bhanteti. “Anuj±n±mi, ±nanda, das±haparama½ atirekac²vara½ nikkhipitun”ti (p±r±. 461; mah±va. 347) sikkh±pada½ paññapesi. S±riputtattheropi tatheva ya½kiñci man±pa½ labhati, ta½ ±nandattherassa deti. Eva½ te ther± aññamañña½ mam±yi½su, iti mam±yitatt± paµhama½ pucchi. Apica anumatipucch± n±mes± khuddakato paµµh±ya pucchitabb± hoti. Tasm± thero cintesi– “aha½ paµhama½ ±nanda½ pucchiss±mi, ±nando attano paµibh±na½ by±karissati. Tato revata½, anuruddha½, mah±kassapa½, mah±moggall±na½ pucchiss±mi. Mah±moggall±no attano paµibh±na½ by±karissati. Tato pañcapi ther± ma½ pucchissanti, ahampi attano paµibh±na½ by±kariss±m²”ti. Ett±vat±pi aya½ dhammadesan± sikh±ppatt± vepullappatt± na bhavissati, atha maya½ sabbepi dasabala½ upasaªkamitv± pucchiss±ma, satth± sabbaññutaññ±ºena by±karissati. Ett±vat± aya½ dhammadesan± sikh±ppatt± vepullappatt± bhavissati. Yath± hi janapadamhi uppanno aµµo g±mabhojaka½ p±puº±ti, tasmi½ nicchitu½ asakkonte janapadabhojaka½ p±puº±ti, tasmi½ asakkonte mah±vinicchaya-amacca½, tasmi½ asakkonte sen±pati½, tasmi½ asakkonte upar±ja½, tasmi½ vinicchitu½ asakkonte r±j±na½ p±puº±ti, raññ± vinicchitak±lato paµµh±ya aµµo apar±para½ na sañcarati, r±javacaneneva chijjati. Evameva½ ahañhi paµhama½ ±nanda½ pucchiss±mi…pe… atha maya½ sabbepi dasabala½ upasaªkamitv± pucchiss±ma, satth± sabbaññutaññ±ºena by±karissati. Ett±vat± aya½ dhammadesan± sikh±ppatt± vepullappatt± bhavissati. Eva½ anumatipuccha½ pucchanto thero paµhama½ ±nandatthera½ pucchi. Bahussuto hot²ti bahu assa suta½ hoti, navaªga½ satthus±sana½ p±¼i-anusandhipubb±paravasena uggahita½ hot²ti attho. Sutadharoti sutassa ±dh±rabh³to. Yassa hi ito gahita½ ito pal±yati, chiddaghaµe udaka½ viya na tiµµhati, parisamajjhe eka½ sutta½ v± j±taka½ v± kathetu½ v± v±cetu½ v± na sakkoti, aya½ na sutadharo n±ma. Yassa pana uggahita½ buddhavacana½ uggahitak±lasadisameva hoti, dasapi v²satipi vass±ni sajjh±ya½ akarontassa na nassati, aya½ sutadharo n±ma. Sutasannicayoti sutassa sannicayabh³to. Yath± hi suta½ hadayamañj³s±ya sannicita½ sil±ya½ lekh± viya, suvaººaghaµe pakkhittas²havas± viya ca ajjhos±ya tiµµhati, aya½ sutasannicayo n±ma. Dh±t±ti µhit± paguº±. Ekaccassa hi uggahita½ buddhavacana½ dh±ta½ paguºa½ niccalita½ na hoti, asukasutta½ v± j±taka½ v± katheh²ti vutte sajjh±yitv± sa½sanditv± samanugg±hitv± j±niss±m²ti vadati. Ekaccassa dh±ta½ paguºa½ bhavaªgasotasadisa½ hoti, asukasutta½ v± j±taka½ v± katheh²ti vutte uddharitv± tameva katheti. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½ “dh±t±”ti. Vacas± paricit±ti suttadasaka-vaggadasaka-paºº±sadasak±na½ vasena v±c±ya sajjh±yit±. Manas±nupekkhit±ti cittena anupekkhit±, yassa v±c±ya sajjh±yita½ buddhavacana½ manas± cintentassa tattha tattha p±kaµa½ hoti. Mah±d²pa½ j±letv± µhitassa r³pagata½ viya paññ±yati. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½– “vacas± paricit± manas±nupekkhit±”ti. Diµµhiy± suppaµividdh±ti atthato ca k±raºato ca paññ±ya suppaµividdh±. Parimaº¹alehi padabyañjaneh²ti ettha padameva atthassa byañjanato padabyañjana½, ta½ akkharap±rip³ri½ katv± dasavidhabyañjanabuddhiyo aparih±petv± vutta½ parimaº¹ala½ n±ma hoti, evar³pehi padabyañjaneh²ti attho. Apica yo bhikkhu parisati dhamma½ desento sutta½ v± j±taka½ v± nikkhapitv± añña½ up±rambhakara½ sutta½ ±harati, tassa upama½ katheti, tadattha½ oh±reti, evamida½ gahetv± ettha khipanto ekapasseneva pariharanto k±la½ ñatv± vuµµhahati. Nikkhittasutta½ pana nikkhattamattameva hoti, tassa kath± aparimaº¹al± n±ma hoti. Yo pana sutta½ v± j±taka½ v± nikkhipitv± bahi ekapadampi agantv± p±¼iy± anusandhiñca pubb±parañca amakkhento ±cariyehi dinnanaye µhatv± tulik±ya paricchindanto viya, gambh²ram±tik±ya udaka½ pesento viya, pada½ koµµento sindhav±j±n²yo viya gacchati, tassa kath± parimaº¹al± n±ma hoti. Evar³pi½ katha½ sandh±ya– “parimaº¹alehi padabyañjaneh²”ti vutta½. Anuppabandheh²ti ettha yo bhikkhu dhamma½ kathento sutta½ v± j±taka½ v± ±rabhitv± ±raddhak±lato paµµh±ya turitaturito araºi½ manthento viya, uºhakh±dan²ya½ kh±danto viya, p±¼iy± anusandhipubb±paresu gahita½ gahitameva aggahita½ aggahitameva ca katv± pur±ºapaººantaresu caram±na½ godha½ uµµhapento viya tattha tattha paharanto os±pento oh±ya gacchati. Yopi dhamma½ kathento k±lena s²gha½ k±lena dandha½ k±lena mah±sadda½ k±lena khuddakasadda½ karoti. Yath± petaggi k±lena jalati, k±lena nibb±yati, evameva idha petaggidhammakathiko n±ma hoti, paris±ya uµµh±tuk±m±ya punappuna½ ±rabhati. Yopi kathento tattha tattha vitth±yati, nitthunanto kandanto viya katheti, imesa½ sabbesampi kath± appabandh± n±ma hoti. Yo pana sutta½ ±rabhitv± ±cariyehi dinnanaye µhito acchinnadh±ra½ katv± nad²sota½ viya pavatteti, ±k±sagaªgato bhassam±na½ udaka½ viya nirantara½ katha½ pavatteti, tassa kath± anuppabandh± hoti. Ta½ sandh±ya vutta½ “anuppabandheh²”ti. Anusayasamuggh±t±y±ti sattanna½ anusay±na½ samuggh±tatth±ya. Evar³pen±ti evar³pena bahussutena bhikkhun± tath±r³peneva bhikkhusatena bhikkhusahassena v± saªgh±µikaººena v± saªgh±µikaººa½, pallaªkena v± pallaªka½ ±hacca nisinnena gosiªgas±lavana½ sobheyya. Imin± nayena sabbav±resu attho veditabbo. 334. Paµisall±na½ assa ±r±moti paµisall±n±r±mo. Paµisall±ne ratoti paµisall±narato. 335. Sahassa½ lok±nanti sahassa½ lokadh±t³na½. Ettakañhi therassa dhuvasevana½ ±vajjanapaµibaddha½, ±kaªkham±no pana thero anek±nipi cakkav±¼asahass±ni voloketiyeva. Uparip±s±davaragatoti sattabh³makassa v± navabh³makassa v± p±s±davarassa upari gato. Sahassa½ nemimaº¹al±na½ volokeyy±ti p±s±dapariveºe n±bhiy± patiµµhit±na½ nemivaµµiy± nemivaµµi½ ±hacca µhit±na½ nemimaº¹al±na½ sahassa½ v±tap±na½ vivaritv± olokeyya, tassa n±bhiyopi p±kaµ± honti, ar±pi arantar±nipi nemiyopi. Evameva kho, ±vusoti, ±vuso, eva½ ayampi dibbacakkhuko bhikkhu dibbena cakkhun± atikkantam±nusakena sahassa½ lok±na½ voloketi. Tassa p±s±de µhitapurisassa cakkan±bhiyo viya cakkav±¼asahasse sinerusahassa½ p±kaµa½ hoti. Ar± viya d²p± p±kaµ± honti. Arantar±ni viya d²paµµhitamanuss± p±kaµ± honti. Nemiyo viya cakkav±¼apabbat± p±kaµ± honti. 336. ¾raññikoti sam±diººa-araññadhutaªgo. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. 337. No ca sa½s±dent²ti na os±denti. Sahetukañhi sak±raºa½ katv± pañha½ pucchitu½ vissajjitumpi asakkonto sa½s±deti n±ma. Eva½ na karont²ti attho. Pavattin² hot²ti nad²sotodaka½ viya pavattati. 338. Y±ya vih±rasam±pattiy±ti y±ya lokiy±ya vih±rasam±pattiy±, y±ya lokuttar±ya vih±rasam±pattiy±. 339. S±dhu s±dhu s±riputt±ti aya½ s±dhuk±ro ±nandattherassa dinno. S±riputtattherena pana saddhi½ bhagav± ±lapati. Esa nayo sabbattha. Yath± ta½ ±nandov±ti yath± ±nandova samm± by±karaºam±no by±kareyya, eva½ by±kata½ ±nandena attano anucchavikameva, ajjh±say±nur³pameva by±katanti attho. ¾nandatthero hi attan±pi bahussuto, ajjh±sayopissa eva½ hoti– “aho vata s±sane sabrahmac±r² bahussut± bhaveyyun”ti. Kasm±? Bahussutassa hi kappiy±kappiya½ s±vajj±navajja½, garukalahuka½ satekicch±tekiccha½ p±kaµa½ hoti. Bahussuto uggahitabuddhavacana½ ±vajjitv± imasmi½ µh±ne s²la½ kathita½, imasmi½ sam±dhi, imasmi½ vipassan±, imasmi½ maggaphalanibb±n±n²ti s²lassa ±gataµµh±ne s²la½ p³retv±, sam±dhissa ±gataµµh±ne sam±dhi½ p³retv± vipassan±ya ±gataµµh±ne vipassan±gabbha½ gaºh±petv± magga½ bh±vetv± phala½ sacchikaroti. Tasm± therassa eva½ ajjh±sayo hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² eka½ v± dve v± tayo v± catt±ro v± pañca v± nik±ye uggahetv± ±vajjant± s²l±d²na½ ±gataµµh±nesu s²l±d²ni parip³retv± anukkamena maggaphalanibb±n±ni sacchikareyyun”ti. Sesav±resupi eseva nayo. 340. ¾yasm± hi revato jh±najjh±sayo jh±n±bhirato, tasm±ssa eva½ hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² ekik± nis²ditv± kasiºaparikamma½ katv± aµµha sam±pattiyo nibbattetv± jh±napadaµµh±na½ vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± lokuttaradhamma½ sacchikareyyun”ti. Tasm± eva½ by±k±si. 341. ¾yasm± anuruddho dibbacakkhuko, tassa eva½ hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² ±loka½ va¹¹hetv± dibbena cakkhun± anekesu cakkav±¼asahassesu cavam±ne ca upapajjam±ne ca satte disv± vaµµabhayena citta½ sa½vejetv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± lokuttaradhamma½ sacchikareyyun”ti. Tasm± eva½ by±k±si. 342. ¾yasm± mah±kassapo dhutav±do, tassa eva½ hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² dhutav±d± hutv± dhutaªg±nubh±vena paccayataºha½ mil±petv± aparepi n±nappak±re kilese dhunitv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± lokuttaradhamma½ sacchikareyyun”ti. Tasm± eva½ by±k±si. 343. ¾yasm± mah±moggall±no sam±dhip±ramiy± matthaka½ patto, sukhuma½ pana cittantara½ khandhantara½ dh±tvantara½ ±yatanantara½ jh±nokkantika½ ±rammaºokkantika½ aªgavavatth±na½ ±rammaºavavatth±na½ aªgasaªkanti ±rammaºasaªkanti ekatova¹¹hana½ ubhatova¹¹hananti ±bhidhammikadhammakathikasseva p±kaµa½. An±bhidhammiko hi dhamma½ kathento– “aya½ sakav±do aya½ parav±do”ti na j±n±ti. Sakav±da½ d²pess±m²ti parav±da½ d²peti, parav±da½ d²pess±m²ti sakav±da½ d²peti, dhammantara½ visa½v±deti. ¾bhidhammiko sakav±da½ sakav±daniy±meneva parav±da½ parav±daniy±meneva d²peti, dhammantara½ na visa½v±deti. Tasm± therassa eva½ hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² ±bhidhammik± hutv± sukhumesu µh±nesu ñ±ºa½ ot±retv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± lokuttaradhamma½ sacchikareyyun”ti. Tasm± eva½ by±k±si. 344. ¾yasm± s±riputto paññ±p±ramiy± matthaka½ patto, paññav±yeva ca citta½ attano vase vattetu½ sakkoti, na duppañño. Duppañño hi uppannassa cittassa vase vattetv± ito cito ca vipphanditv±pi katip±heneva gihibh±va½ patv± anayabyasana½ p±puº±ti. Tasm± therassa eva½ hoti– “aho vata sabrahmac±r² acittavasik± hutv± citta½ attano vase vattetv± sabb±nassa visevitavipphandit±ni bhañjitv± ²sakampi bahi nikkhamitu½ adent± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± lokuttaradhamma½ sacchikareyyun”ti. Tasm± eva½ by±k±si. 345. Sabbesa½ vo, s±riputta, subh±sita½ pariy±yen±ti s±riputta, yasm± saªgh±r±massa n±ma bahussutabhikkh³hipi sobhanak±raºa½ atthi, jh±n±bhiratehipi, dibbacakkhukehipi, dhutav±dehipi, ±bhidhammikehipi, acittavasikehipi sobhanak±raºa½ atthi. Tasm± sabbesa½ vo subh±sita½ pariy±yena, tena tena k±raºena subh±sitameva, no dubbh±sita½. Apica mamapi suº±th±ti apica mamapi vacana½ suº±tha. Na t±v±ha½ ima½ pallaªka½ bhindiss±m²ti na t±va aha½ ima½ caturaªgav²riya½ adhiµµh±ya ±bhujita½ pallaªka½ bhindiss±mi, na mocess±m²ti attho. Ida½ kira bhagav± parip±kagate ñ±ºe rajjasiri½ pah±ya kat±bhinikkhamano anupubbena bodhimaº¹a½ ±ruyha caturaªgav²riya½ adhiµµh±ya apar±jitapallaªka½ ±bhujitv± da¼hasam±d±no hutv± nisinno tiººa½ m±r±na½ matthaka½ bhinditv± pacc³sasamaye dasasahassilokadh±tu½ unn±dento sabbaññutaññ±ºa½ paµivijjhi, ta½ attano mah±bodhipallaªka½ sandh±ya evam±ha. Apica pacchima½ janata½ anukampam±nopi paµipattis±ra½ puthujjanakaly±ºaka½ dassento evam±ha. Passati hi bhagav±– “an±gate eva½ ajjh±say± kulaputt± iti paµisañcikkhissanti, ‘bhagav± mah±gosiªgasutta½ kathento idha, s±riputta, bhikkhu pacch±bhatta½…pe… evar³pena kho, s±riputta, bhikkhun± gosiªgas±lavana½ sobheyy±ti ±ha, maya½ bhagavato ajjh±saya½ gaºhiss±m±’ti pacch±bhatta½ piº¹ap±tapaµikkant± caturaªgav²riya½ adhiµµh±ya da¼hasam±d±n± hutv± ‘arahatta½ appatv± ima½ pallaªka½ na bhindiss±m±’ti samaºadhamma½ k±tabba½ maññissanti, te eva½ paµipann± katip±heneva j±tijar±maraºassa anta½ karissant²”ti, ima½ pacchima½ janata½ anukampam±no paµipattis±ra½ puthujjanakaly±ºaka½ dassento evam±ha. Evar³pena kho, s±riputta, bhikkhun± gosiªgas±lavana½ sobheyy±ti, s±riputta, evar³pena bhikkhun± nippariy±yeneva gosiªgas±lavana½ sobheyy±ti yath±nusandhin±va desana½ niµµhapes²ti.
Papañcas³daniy± majjhimanik±yaµµhakath±ya
Mah±gosiªgasuttavaººan± niµµhit±.