7. V²ma½sakasuttavaººan±
487. Eva½ me sutanti v²ma½sakasutta½. Tattha v²ma½saken±ti tayo v²ma½sak±– atthav²ma½sako saªkh±rav²ma½sako satthuv²ma½sakoti. Tesu, “paº¹it± h±vuso, manuss± v²ma½sak±”ti (sa½. ni. 3.2) ettha atthav²ma½sako ±gato. “Yato kho, ±nanda, bhikkhu dh±tukusalo ca hoti, ±yatanakusalo ca hoti, paµiccasamupp±dakusalo ca hoti, µh±n±µµh±nakusalo ca hoti, ett±vat± kho, ±nanda, paº¹ito bhikkhu v²ma½sakoti ala½ vacan±y±”ti (ma. ni. 3.124) ettha saªkh±rav²ma½sako ±gato. Imasmi½ pana sutte satthuv²ma½sako adhippeto. Cetopariy±yanti cittav±ra½ cittapariccheda½. Samannesan±ti esan± pariyesan± upaparikkh±. Iti viññ±º±y±ti eva½ vij±nanatth±ya. 488. Dv²su dhammesu tath±gato samannesitabboti idha kaly±ºamitt³panissaya½ dasseti. Mah± hi esa kaly±ºamitt³panissayo n±ma. Tassa mahantabh±vo eva½ veditabbo– ekasmi½ hi samaye ±yasm± ±nando upa¹¹ha½ attano ±nubh±vena hoti, upa¹¹ha½ kaly±ºamitt±nubh±ven±ti cintetv± attano dhammat±ya nicchetu½ asakkonto bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± pucchi,– “upa¹¹hamida½, bhante, brahmacariyassa, yadida½ kaly±ºamittat± kaly±ºasah±yat± kaly±ºasampavaªkat±”ti. Bhagav± ±ha– “m± heva½, ±nanda, m± heva½, ±nanda, sakalamevida½, ±nanda, brahmacariya½ yadida½ kaly±ºamittat± kaly±ºasah±yat±, kaly±ºasampavaªkat±. Kaly±ºamittasseta½, ±nanda, bhikkhuno p±µikaªkha½ kaly±ºasah±yassa kaly±ºasampavaªkassa, ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bh±vessati, ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bahul²karissati. Kathañc±nanda, bhikkhu kaly±ºamitto…pe… ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bh±veti, ariya½ aµµhaªgika½ magga½ bahul²karoti. Idh±nanda, bhikkhu samm±diµµhi½ bh±veti…pe… samm±sam±dhi½ bh±veti vivekanissita½ eva½ kho, ±nanda, bhikkhu kaly±ºamitto…pe… bahul²karoti, tadamin±peta½, ±nanda, pariy±yena veditabba½. Yath± sakalamevida½ brahmacariya½ yadida½ kaly±ºamittat± kaly±ºasah±yat± kaly±ºasampavaªkat±. Mamañhi, ±nanda, kaly±ºamitta½ ±gamma j±tidhamm± satt± j±tiy± parimuccanti. Jar±dhamm±…pe… sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sadhamm± satt± sokaparidevadukkhadomanassup±y±sehi parimuccant²”ti (sa½. ni. 5.2). Bhikkh³na½ b±hiraªgasampatti½ kathentopi ±ha– “b±hira½, bhikkhave, aªganti karitv± n±ñña½ ekaªgampi samanupass±mi, ya½ eva½ mahato atth±ya sa½vattati, yathayida½, bhikkhave, kaly±ºamittat±. Kaly±ºamittat±, bhikkhave, mahato atth±ya sa½vattat²”ti (a. ni. 1.113). Mah±cundassa kilesasallekhapaµipada½ kathentopi, “pare p±pamitt± bhavissanti, mayamettha kaly±ºamitt± bhaviss±m±ti sallekho karaº²yo”ti (ma. ni. 1.83) ±ha. Meghiyattherassa vimuttiparip±caniyadhamme kathentopi, “aparipakk±ya, meghiya, cetovimuttiy± pañca dhamm± parip±k±ya sa½vattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, meghiya, bhikkhu kaly±ºamitto hoti”ti (ud±. 31) kaly±ºamitt³panissayameva visesesi. Piyaputtassa r±hulattherassa abhiºhov±da½ dentopi–
“Mitte bhajassu kaly±ºe, pantañca sayan±sana½;
vivitta½ appanigghosa½, mattaññ³ hohi bhojane.
C²vare piº¹ap±te ca, paccaye sayan±sane;
etesu taºha½ m±k±si, m± loka½ punar±gam²”ti. (Su. ni. 340, 341)–
Kaly±ºamitt³panissayameva sabbapaµhama½ kathesi. Eva½ mah± esa kaly±ºamitt³panissayo n±ma. Idh±pi ta½ dassento bhagav± dv²su dhammesu tath±gato samannesitabboti desana½ ±rabhi. Paº¹ito bhikkhu dv²su dhammesu tath±gata½ esatu gavesat³ti attho. Etena bhagav± aya½ mah±jaccoti v±, lakkhaºasampannoti v±, abhir³po dassan²yoti v±, abhiññ±to abhilakkhitoti v±, ima½ niss±y±ha½ c²var±dayo paccaye labhiss±m²ti v±, eva½ cintetv± ma½ niss±ya vasanakicca½ natthi. Yo pana eva½ sallakkheti, “pahoti me esa satth± hutv± satthukicca½ s±dhetun”ti, so ma½ bhajat³ti s²han±da½ nadati. Buddhas²han±do kira n±mesa suttantoti.
Id±ni te dve dhamme dassento cakkhusotaviññeyyes³ti ±ha. Tattha satthu k±yiko sam±c±ro v²ma½sakassa cakkhuviññeyyo dhammo n±ma. V±casiko sam±c±ro sotaviññeyyo dhammo n±ma. Id±ni tesu samannesitabb±k±ra½ dassento ye sa½kiliµµh±ti-±dim±ha. Tattha sa½kiliµµh±ti kilesasampayutt±. Te ca na cakkhusotaviññeyy±. Yath± pana udake calante v± pupphu¼ake v± muñcante anto maccho atth²ti viññ±yati, eva½ p±º±tip±t±d²ni v± karontassa, mus±v±d±d²ni v± bhaºantassa k±yavac²sam±c±re disv± ca sutv± ca ta½samuµµh±pakacitta½ sa½kiliµµhanti viññ±yati. Tasm± evam±ha. Sa½kiliµµhacittassa hi k±yavac²sam±c±r±pi sa½kiliµµh±yeva n±ma. Na te tath±gatassa sa½vijjant²ti na te tath±gatassa atthi. Na upalabbhant²ti eva½ j±n±t²ti attho. Natthit±yeva hi te na upalabbhanti na paµicchannat±ya. Tath± hi bhagav± ekadivasa½ imesu dhammesu bhikkhusaªgha½ pav±rento ±ha– “handa d±ni, bhikkhave, pav±remi vo, na ca me kiñci garahatha k±yika½ v± v±casika½ v±”ti. Eva½ vutte ±yasm± s±riputto uµµh±y±san± eka½sa½ uttar±saªga½ karitv± yena bhagav± tenañjali½ paº±metv± bhagavanta½ etadavoca– “na kho maya½, bhante, bhagavato kiñci garah±ma k±yika½ v± v±casika½ v±. Bhagav± hi, bhante, anuppannassa maggassa upp±det±, asañj±tassa maggassa sañj±net±, anakkh±tassa maggassa akkh±t±, maggaññ³ maggavid³ maggakovido. Magg±nug± ca, bhante, etarahi s±vak± viharanti pacch±samann±gat±”ti (sa½. ni. 1.215). Eva½ parisuddh± tath±gatassa k±yavac²sam±c±r±. Uttaropi suda½ m±ºavo tath±gatassa k±yavac²dv±re an±r±dhan²ya½ kiñci passiss±m²ti satta m±se anubandhitv± likkh±mattampi na addasa. Manussabh³to v± esa buddhabh³tassa k±yavac²dv±re ki½ an±r±dhan²ya½ passissati? M±ropi devaputto bodhisattassa sato mah±bhinikkhamanato paµµh±ya chabbass±ni gavesam±no kiñci an±r±dhan²ya½ n±ddasa, antamaso cetoparivitakkamattampi. M±ro kira cintesi– “sacassa vitakkitamattampi akusala½ passiss±mi, tattheva na½ muddhani paharitv± pakkamiss±m²”ti. So chabbass±ni adisv± buddhabh³tampi eka½ vassa½ anubandhitv± kiñci vajja½ apassanto gamanasamaye vanditv±–
“Mah±v²ra mah±puñña½, iddhiy± yasas± jala½;
sabbaverabhay±t²ta½, p±de vand±mi gotaman”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.159)–
G±tha½ vatv± gato.
V²timiss±ti k±le kaºh±, k±le sukk±ti eva½ vomissak±. Vod±t±ti parisuddh± nikkiles±. Sa½vijjant²ti vod±t± dhamm± atthi upalabbhanti. Tath±gatassa hi parisuddh± k±yasam±c±r±dayo. Ten±ha– “catt±rim±ni, bhikkhave, tath±gatassa arakkheyy±ni. Katam±ni catt±ri? Parisuddhak±yasam±c±ro, bhikkhave, tath±gato, natthi tath±gatassa k±yaduccarita½, ya½ tath±gato rakkheyya, ‘m± me ida½ paro aññ±s²’ti. Parisuddhavac²sam±c±ro… parisuddhamanosam±c±ro… parisuddh±j²vo, bhikkhave, tath±gato natthi tath±gatassa micch±j²vo, ya½ tath±gato rakkheyya, m± me ida½ paro aññ±s²”ti (a. ni. 7.58). Ima½ kusala½ dhammanti ima½ anavajja½ ±j²vaµµhamakas²la½. “Ayam±yasm± satth± ki½ nu kho d²gharatta½ sam±panno aticirak±lato paµµh±ya imin± samann±gato, ud±hu ittarasam±panno hiyyo v± pare v± parasuve v± divase sam±panno”ti eva½ gavesat³ti attho. Ekaccena hi ekasmi½ µh±ne vasantena bahu micch±j²vakamma½ kata½, ta½ tattha k±l±tikkame paññ±yati, p±kaµa½ hoti. So aññatara½ paccantag±ma½ v± samuddat²ra½ v± gantv± paººas±la½ k±retv± ±raññako viya hutv± viharati. Manuss± sambh±vana½ upp±detv± tassa paº²te paccaye denti. Janapadav±sino bhikkh³ tassa parih±ra½ disv±, “atidappito vat±ya½ ±yasm±, ko nu kho eso”ti pariggaºhant±, “asukaµµh±ne asuka½ n±ma micch±j²va½ katv± pakkantabhikkh³”ti ñatv± na sakk± imin± saddhi½ uposatho v± pav±raº± v± k±tunti sannipatitv± dhammena samena ukkhepan²y±d²su aññatara½ kamma½ karonti. Evar³p±ya paµicchannapaµipattiy± atthibh±va½ v± natthibh±va½ v± v²ma½s±petu½ evam±ha. Eva½ j±n±t²ti d²gharatta½ sam±panno, na ittarasam±pannoti j±n±ti. Anacchariya½ ceta½. Ya½ tath±gatassa etarahi sabbaññuta½ pattassa d²gharatta½ ±j²vaµµhamakas²la½ parisuddha½ bhaveyya. Yassa bodhisattak±lepi eva½ ahosi. At²te kira gandh±rar±j± ca vedehar±j± ca dvepi sah±yak± hutv± k±mesu ±d²nava½ disv± rajj±ni putt±na½ niyy±tetv± isipabbajja½ pabbajitv± ekasmi½ araññag±make piº¹±ya caranti. Paccanto n±ma dullabhaloºo hoti. Tato aloºa½ y±gu½ labhitv± ekiss±ya s±l±ya nis²ditv± pivanti. Antarantare manuss± loºacuººa½ ±haritv± denti. Ekadivasa½ eko vedehisissa paººe pakkhipitv± loºacuººa½ ad±si Vedehisi gahetv± upa¹¹ha½ gandh±risissa-santike µhapetv± upa¹¹ha½ attano santike µhapesi. Tato thoka½ paribhutt±vasesa½ disv±, “m± ida½ nass²”ti paººena veµhetv± tiºagahane µhapesi. Puna ekasmi½ divase y±gup±nak±le sati½ katv± olokento ta½ disv± gandh±risi½ upasaªkamitv±, “ito thoka½ gaºhatha ±cariy±”ti ±ha. Kuto te laddha½ vedehis²ti? Tasmi½ divase paribhutt±vasesa½ “m± nass²”ti may± µhapitanti. Gandh±risi gahetu½ na icchati, aloºaka½yeva y±gu½ pivitv± vedeha½ isi½ avoca–
“Hitv± g±masahass±ni, paripuºº±ni so¼asa;
koµµh±g±r±ni ph²t±ni, sannidhi½ d±ni kubbas²”ti. (J±. 1.7.76).
Vedehisi avoca– “tumhe rajja½ pah±ya pabbajit±, id±ni kasm± loºacuººamattasannidhik±raº± pabbajj±ya anucchavika½ na karoth±”ti? Ki½ may± kata½ vedehis²ti? Atha na½ ±ha–
“Hitv± gandh±ravisaya½, pah³tadhanadh±riya½;
pas±sanato nikkhanto, idha d±ni pas±sas²”ti. (J±. 1.7.77).
Gandh±ro ±ha–
“Dhamma½ bhaº±mi vedeha, adhammo me na ruccati;
dhamma½ me bhaºam±nassa, na p±pamupalimpat²”ti. (J±. 1.7.78).
Vedeho ±ha–
“Yena kenaci vaººena, paro labhati ruppana½;
mahatthiyampi ce v±ca½, na ta½ bh±seyya paº¹ito”ti. (J±. 1.7.79).
Gandh±ro ±ha–
“K±ma½ ruppatu v± m± v±, bhusa½va vikir²yatu;
dhamma½ me bhaºam±nassa, na p±pamupalimpat²”ti. (J±. 1.7.80).
Tato vedehisi yassa sak±pi buddhi natthi, ±cariyasantike vinaya½ na sikkhati, so andhamahi½so viya vane carat²ti cintetv± ±ha–
“No ce assa sak± buddhi, vinayo v± susikkhito;
vane andhamahi½sova, careyya bahuko jano.
Yasm± ca panidhekacce, ±ceramhi susikkhit±;
tasm± vin²tavinay±, caranti susam±hit±”ti. (J±. 1.7.81-82).