6. ¾kaªkheyyasuttavaººan±

64. Eva½ me sutanti ±kaªkheyyasutta½. Tattha sampannas²l±ti tividha½ sampanna½ paripuººasamaªgimadhuravasena. Tattha–

“Sampanna½ s±liked±ra½, suv± bhuñjanti kosiya;
paµivedemi te brahme, na na½ v±retumussahe”ti. (J±. 1.14.1).

Ida½ paripuººasampanna½ n±ma. “Imin± p±timokkhasa½varena upeto hoti samupeto up±gato samup±gato upapanno sampanno samann±gato”ti (vibha. 511) ida½ samaªgisampanna½ n±ma. “Imiss±, bhante, mah±pathaviy± heµµhimatala½ sampanna½, seyyath±pi khuddamadhu½ ane¼aka½, evamass±dan”ti (p±r±. 17) ida½ madhurasampanna½ n±ma. Idha pana paripuººasampannampi samaªgisampannampi vaµµati. Tasm± sampannas²l±ti paripuººas²l± hutv±tipi s²lasamaªgino hutv±tipi evamettha attho vedibbo. S²lanti kenaµµhena s²la½? S²lanaµµhena s²la½. Tassa vitth±rakath± visuddhimagge vutt±.

Tattha “paripuººas²l±”ti imin± atthena khettadosavigamena khettap±rip³r² viya s²ladosavigamena s²lap±rip³r² vutt± hoti. Yath± hi khetta½ b²jakhaº¹a½ vappakhaº¹a½ udakakhaº¹a½ ³sakhaº¹anti catudosasamann±gata½ aparip³ra½ hoti.

Tattha b²jakhaº¹a½ n±ma yattha antarantar± b²j±ni khaº¹±ni v± p³t²ni v± honti, t±ni yattha vapanti, tattha sassa½ na uµµheti, khetta½ khaº¹a½ hoti. Vappakhaº¹a½ n±ma yattha akusalo b²j±ni vapanto antarantar± nip±teti. Evañhi sabbattha sassa½ na uµµheti, khetta½ khaº¹a½ hoti. Udakakhaº¹a½ n±ma yattha katthaci udaka½ atibahu v± na v± hoti, tatr±pi hi sass±ni na uµµhenti, khetta½ khaº¹a½ hoti. Ðsakhaº¹a½ n±ma yattha kassako kismiñci padese naªgalena bh³mi½ catt±ro pañca v±re kasanto atigambh²ra½ karoti, tato ³sa½ uppajjati, tatr±pi hi sassa½ na uµµheti, khetta½ khaº¹a½ hoti, t±disañca khetta½ na mahapphala½ hoti na mah±nisa½sa½, tatr±pi hi bahumpi vapitv± appa½ labhati. Imesa½ pana catunna½ dos±na½ vigam± khetta½ paripuººa½ hoti. T±disañca khetta½ mahapphala½ hoti mah±nisa½sa½. Evameva khaº¹a½ chidda½ sabala½ kamm±santi catudosasamann±gata½ s²la½ aparip³ra½ hoti. T±disañca s²la½ na mahapphala½ hoti, na mah±nisa½sa½. Imesa½ pana catunna½ dos±na½ vigam± s²lakhetta½ paripuººa½ hoti, t±disañca s²la½ mahapphala½ hoti mah±nisa½sa½.

“S²lasamaªgino”ti imin± panatthena s²lena samaªgibh³t± samodh±na½ gat± samann±gat± hutv± viharath±ti idameva vutta½ hoti. Tattha dv²hi k±raºehi sampannas²lat± hoti s²lavipattiy± ca ±d²navadassanena s²lasampattiy± ca ±nisa½sadassanena. Tadubhayampi visuddhimagge vitth±rita½.

Tattha “sampannas²l±”ti ett±vat± kira bhagav± catup±risuddhis²la½ uddisitv± “p±timokkhasa½varasa½vut±”ti imin± tattha jeµµhakas²la½ vitth±retv± dasses²ti d²pavih±rav±s² sumanatthero ±ha. Antev±siko panassa tepiµakac³¼an±gatthero ±ha– ubhayatth±pi p±timokkhasa½varo bhagavat± vutto, p±timokkhasa½varoyeva hi s²la½. Itar±ni pana t²ºi s²lanti vuttaµµh±na½ n±ma atth²ti ananuj±nanto vatv± ±ha “indriyasa½varo n±ma chadv±rarakkh±mattakameva, ±j²vap±risuddhi dhammena samena paccayuppattimattaka½, paccayanissita½ paµiladdhapaccaye idamatthanti paccavekkhitv± paribhuñjanamattaka½. Nippariy±yena p±timokkhasa½varova s²la½. Yassa so bhinno, aya½ chinnas²so viya puriso hatthap±de ses±ni rakkhissat²ti na vattabbo. Yassa pana so arogo, aya½ acchinnas²so viya puriso j²vita½ ses±ni puna p±katik±ni katv± rakkhitu½ sakkoti. Tasm± ‘sampannas²l±’ti imin± p±timokkhasa½vara½ uddisitv± ‘sampannap±timokkh±’ti tasseva vevacana½ vatv± ta½ vitth±retv± dassento ‘p±timokkhasa½varasa½vut±’ti-±dim±h±”ti.

Tattha p±timokkhasa½varasa½vut±ti p±timokkhasa½varena samann±gat±. ¾c±ragocarasampann±ti ±c±rena ca gocarena ca sampann±. Aºumattes³ti appamattakesu. Vajjes³ti akusaladhammesu. Bhayadass±v²ti bhayadassino. Sam±d±y±ti samm± ±diyitv±. Sikkhatha sikkh±pades³ti sikkh±padesu ta½ ta½ sikkh±pada½ sam±diyitv± sikkhatha. Apica sam±d±ya sikkhatha sikkh±pades³ti ya½kiñci sikkh±koµµh±sesu sikkhitabba½ k±yika½ v±casikañca, ta½ sabba½ sam±d±ya sikkhath±ti ayamettha saªkhepo, vitth±rato pana sabb±net±ni p±timokkhasa½var±d²ni pad±ni visuddhimagge vutt±ni.

65. ¾kaªkheyya ceti ida½ kasm± ±raddha½? S²l±nisa½sadassanattha½. Sacepi acirapabbajit±na½ v± duppaññ±na½ v± evamassa “bhagav± s²la½ p³reth±ti vadati, ko nu kho s²lap³raºe ±nisa½so, ko viseso, k± va¹¹h²”ti? Tesa½ sattarasa ±nisa½se dassetu½ evam±ha. Appeva n±ma eta½ sabrahmac±r²na½ piyaman±pat±di-±savakkhayapariyos±na½ ±nisa½sa½ sutv±pi s²la½ parip³reyyunti. Visakaºµakav±ºijo viya. Visakaºµakav±ºijo n±ma gu¼av±ºijo vuccati.

So kira gu¼aph±ºitakhaº¹asakkhar±d²ni sakaµen±d±ya paccantag±ma½ gantv± “visakaºµaka½ gaºhatha, visakaºµaka½ gaºhath±”ti ugghosesi. Ta½ sutv± g±mik± “visa½ n±ma kakkha¼a½, yo na½ kh±dati, so marati, kaºµakampi vijjhitv± m±reti, ubhopete kakkha¼±, ko ettha ±nisa½so”ti gehadv±r±ni thakesu½, d±rake ca pal±pesu½. Ta½ disv± v±ºijo “avoh±rakusal± ime g±mik±, handa ne up±yena gaºh±pem²”ti “atimadhura½ gaºhatha, atis±du½ gaºhatha, gu¼a½ ph±ºita½ sakkhara½ samaggha½ labbhati, k³µam±sakak³µakah±paº±d²hipi labbhat²”ti ugghosesi. Ta½ sutv± g±mik± haµµhatuµµh± ±gantv± bahumpi m³la½ datv± gahesu½. Tattha v±ºijassa “visakaºµaka½ gaºhath±”ti ugghosana½ viya bhagavato “sampannas²l±, bhikkhave, viharatha…pe… sam±d±ya sikkhatha sikkh±pades³”ti vacana½. “Ubhopete kakkha¼±, ko ettha ±nisa½so”ti g±mik±na½ cintana½ viya bhagav± “sampannas²l± viharath±”ti ±ha, “s²lañca n±meta½ kakkha¼a½ pharusa½ khi¹¹±dipaccan²ka½, ko nu kho sampannas²l±na½ ±nisa½so”ti bhikkh³na½ cintana½. Atha tassa v±ºijassa “atimadhura½ gaºhath±”ti-±divacana½ viya bhagavato piyaman±pat±di-±savakkhayapariyos±na½ sattarasa-±nisa½sappak±sanattha½ “±kaªkheyya ce”ti-±divacana½ veditabba½.

Tattha ±kaªkheyya ceti yadi ±kaªkheyya yadi iccheyya. Piyo ca assanti piyacakkh³hi sampassitabbo, sinehuppattiy± padaµµh±nabh³to bhaveyyanti vutta½ hoti. Man±poti tesa½ manava¹¹hanako, tesa½ v± manena pattabbo, mettacittena pharitabboti vutta½ hoti. Gar³ti tesa½ garuµµh±niyo p±s±ºacchattasadiso. Bh±van²yoti “addh± ayam±yasm± j±na½ j±n±ti passa½ passat²”ti eva½ sambh±van²yo. S²lesvevassa parip³rak±r²ti catup±risuddhis²lesuyeva parip³rak±r² assa, an³nena parip³rit±k±rena samann±gato bhaveyy±ti vutta½ hoti. Ajjhatta½ cetosamathamanuyuttoti attano cittasamathe yutto, ettha hi ajjhattanti v± attanoti v± eta½ ekattha½, byañjanameva n±na½. Bhummatthe paneta½ samathanti upayogavacana½. An³ti imin± upasaggena yoge siddha½. Anir±katajjh±noti bahi an²haµajjh±no, avin±sitajjh±no v±, n²haraºavin±satthañhi ida½ nir±karaºa½ n±ma. Thambha½ nira½katv± niv±tavutt²ti-±d²su cassa payogo daµµhabbo.

Vipassan±ya samann±gatoti sattavidh±ya anupassan±ya yutto, sattavidh± anupassan± n±ma anicc±nupassan± dukkh±nupassan± anatt±nupassan± nibbid±nupassan± vir±g±nupassan± nirodh±nupassan± paµinissagg±nupassan±ti. T± visuddhimagge vitth±rit±. Br³het± suññ±g±r±nanti va¹¹het± suññ±g±r±na½, ettha ca samathavipassan±vasena kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± rattindiva½ suññ±g±ra½ pavisitv± nis²dam±no bhikkhu “br³het± suññ±g±r±nan”ti veditabbo. Ekabh³mak±dip±s±de kurum±nopi pana neva suññ±g±r±na½ br³het±ti daµµhabboti.

Ett±vat± ca yath± taºh±vicaritadesan± paµhama½ taºh±vasena ±raddh±pi taºh±padaµµh±natt± m±nadiµµh²na½ m±nadiµµhiyo osaritv± kamena papañcattayadesan± j±t±, evamaya½ desan± paµhama½ adhis²lasikkh±vasena ±raddh±pi s²lapadaµµh±natt± samathavipassan±na½ samathavipassan±yo osaritv± kamena sikkhattayadesan± j±t±ti veditabb±.

Ettha hi “s²lesvevassa parip³rak±r²”ti ett±vat± adhis²lasikkh± vutt±. “Ajjhatta½ cetosamathamanuyutto anir±katajjh±no”ti ett±vat± adhicittasikkh±, “vipassan±ya samann±gato”ti ett±vat± adhipaññ±sikkh±, “br³het± suññ±g±r±nan”ti imin± pana samathavasena suññ±g±rava¹¹hane adhicittasikkh±, vipassan±vasena adhipaññ±sikkh±ti eva½ dvepi sikkh± saªgahetv± vutt±. Ettha ca “ajjhatta½ cetosamathamanuyutto anir±katajjh±no”ti imehi padehi s²l±nurakkhik± eva cittekaggat± kathit±. “Vipassan±y±”ti imin± padena s²l±nurakkhiko saªkh±rapariggaho.

Katha½ cittekaggat± s²lamanurakkhati? Yassa hi cittekaggat± natthi, so by±dhimhi uppanne vihaññati, so by±dhivihato vikkhittacitto s²la½ vin±setv±pi by±dhiv³pasama½ katt± hoti. Yassa pana cittekaggat± atthi, so ta½ by±dhidukkha½ vikkhambhetv± sam±patti½ sam±pajjati, sam±pannakkhaºe dukkha½ d³r±pakata½ hoti, balavatarasukhamuppajjati. Eva½ cittekaggat± s²la½ anurakkhati.

Katha½ saªkh±rapariggaho s²lamanurakkhati? Yassa hi saªkh±rapariggaho natthi, tassa “mama r³pa½ mama viññ±ºan”ti attabh±ve balavamamatta½ hoti, so tath±r³pesu dubbhikkhaby±dhibhay±d²su sampattesu s²la½ vin±setv±pi attabh±va½ poset± hoti. Yassa pana saªkh±rapariggaho atthi, tassa attabh±ve balavamamatta½ v± sineho v± na hoti, so tath±r³pesu dubbhikkhaby±dhibhay±d²su sampattesu sacepissa ant±ni bahi nikkhamanti, sacepi ussussati visussati, khaº¹±khaº¹iko v± hoti satadh±pi sahassadh±pi, neva s²la½ vin±setv± attabh±va½ poset± hoti. Eva½ saªkh±rapariggaho s²lamanurakkhati. “Br³het± suññ±g±r±nan”ti imin± pana tasseva ubhayassa br³han± va¹¹han± s±taccakiriy± dassit±.

Eva½ bhagav± yasm± “sabrahmac±r²na½ piyo cassa½ man±po ca garu ca bh±van²yo c±”ti ime catt±ro dhamme ±kaªkhantena natthañña½ kiñci k±tabba½, aññadatthu s²l±diguºasamann±gatena bhavitabba½, idiso hi sabrahmac±r²na½ piyo hoti man±po garu bh±van²yo. Vuttampi heta½–

“S²ladassanasampanna½ dhammaµµha½ saccav±dina½;
attano kamma kubb±na½, ta½ jano kurute piyan”ti. (Dha. pa. 217).

Tasm± “±kaªkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmac±r²na½ piyo cassa½ man±po ca garu ca bh±van²yo c±ti s²lesvevassa parip³rak±r²…pe… suññ±g±r±nan”ti vatv± id±ni yasm± paccayal±bh±di½ patthayanten±pi idameva karaº²ya½, na añña½ kiñci, tasm± “±kaªkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu l±bh² assan”ti-±dim±ha. Na cettha bhagav± l±bhanimitta½ s²l±diparip³raºa½ kathet²ti veditabbo. Bhagav± hi gh±sesana½ chinnakatho na v±ca½ payutta½ bhaºeti, eva½ s±vake ovadati, so katha½ l±bhanimitta½ s²l±diparip³raºa½ kathessati, puggalajjh±sayavasena paneta½ vutta½. Yesañhi eva½ ajjh±sayo bhaveyya “sace maya½ cat³hi paccayehi na kilameyy±ma, s²l±di½ p³retu½ sakkuºeyy±m±”ti, tesa½ ajjh±sayavasena bhagav± evam±ha. Apica ras±nisa½so esa s²lassa, yadida½ catt±ro paccay± n±ma. Tath± hi paº¹itamanuss± koµµh±d²su µhapita½ n²haritv± putt±d²nampi adatv± attan±pi aparibhuñjitv± s²lavant±na½ dent²ti s²lassa saras±nisa½sadassanattha½ peta½ vutta½.