“Ubho p±d±ni bhinditv±, saññapess±mi vo aha½;
aµµiy±mi har±y±mi, sar±gamaraºa½ aha½.
Ev±ha½ cintayitv±na, yath±bh³ta½ vipassisa½;
sampatte aruºuggamhi, arahattamap±puºin”ti.

Aparepi ti½sa bhikkh³ bhagavato santike kammaµµh±na½ gahetv± araññavih±re vassa½ upagantv± “±vuso, tiy±maratti½ samaºadhammova k±tabbo, na aññamaññassa santika½ ±gantabban”ti vatv± vihari½su. Tesa½ samaºadhamma½ katv± pacc³sasamaye pacal±yant±na½ eko byaggho ±gantv± ekeka½ bhikkhu½ gahetv± gacchati. Na koci “ma½ byaggho gaºh²”ti v±campi nicch±resi. Eva½ pañcasu dasasu bhikkh³su kh±ditesu uposathadivase “itare, ±vuso, kuhin”ti pucchitv± ñatv± ca “id±ni gahitena, gahitomh²ti vattabban”ti vatv± vihari½su.

Atha aññatara½ daharabhikkhu½ purimanayeneva byaggho gaºhi. So “byaggho, bhante”ti ±ha. Bhikkh³ kattaradaº¹e ca ukk±yo ca gahetv± mocess±m±ti anubandhi½su. Byaggho bhikkh³na½ agati½ chinnataµaµµh±na½ ±ruyha ta½ bhikkhu½ p±daªguµµhakato paµµh±ya kh±ditu½ ±rabhi. Itarepi “id±ni sappurisa, amhehi kattabba½ natthi, bhikkh³na½ viseso n±ma evar³pe µh±ne paññ±yat²”ti ±ha½su. So byagghamukhe nipannova ta½ vedana½ vikkhambhetv± vipassana½ va¹¹hento y±va gopphak± kh±ditasamaye sot±panno hutv±, y±va jaººuk± kh±ditasamaye sakad±g±m², y±va n±bhiy± kh±ditasamaye an±g±m² hutv±, hadayar³pe akh±diteyeva saha paµisambhid±hi arahatta½ patv± ima½ ud±na½ ud±nesi–

“S²lav± vatasampanno, paññav± susam±hito;
muhutta½ pam±damanv±ya, byagghenoruddham±naso.
Pañjarasmi½ gahetv±na, sil±ya upar²kato;
k±ma½ kh±datu ma½ byaggho, bhakkho k±yo amitt±na½;
paµiladdhe kammaµµh±ne, maraºa½ hehiti bhaddakan”ti.

Aparopi p²tamallatthero n±ma gihik±le t²su rajjesu paµ±ka½ gahetv± tambapaººid²pa½ ±gamma r±j±na½ disv± raññ± kat±nuggaho ekadivasa½ kilañjak±paºas±ladv±rena gacchanto “r³pa½, bhikkhave, na tumh±ka½, ta½ pajahatha, ta½ vo pah²na½ d²gharatta½ hit±ya sukh±ya bhavissat²”ti (sa½. ni. 3.33-34) natumh±kavagga½ sutv± cintesi “neva kira r³pa½ attano, na vedan±”ti. So ta½yeva aªkusa½ katv± nikkhamitv± mah±vih±ra½ gantv± pabbajja½ y±citv± pabbajito upasampanno dvem±tik± paguºa½ katv± ti½sa bhikkh³ gahetv± gabalav±liya-aªgaºa½ gantv± samaºadhammamak±si. P±desu avahantesu jaººukehi caªkamati. Tamena½ ratti½ eko migaluddako migoti maññam±no sattiy± pahari. Satti vinivijjhitv± gat±. So ta½ satti½ har±petv± pah±ramukh±ni tiºavaµµiy± p³r±petv± p±s±ºapiµµhiya½ att±na½ nis²d±petv± ok±sa½ k±retv± vipassana½ va¹¹hetv± saha paµisambhid±hi arahatta½ patv± ukk±sitasaddena ±gat±na½ bhikkh³na½ by±karitv± ima½ ud±na½ ud±nesi–

“Bh±sita½ buddhaseµµhassa, sabbalokaggav±dino;
na tumh±kamida½ r³pa½, ta½ jaheyy±tha bhikkhavo.
Anicc± vata saªkh±r±, upp±davayadhammino;
uppajjitv± nirujjhanti, tesa½ v³pasamo sukho”ti.

Atha na½ bhikkh³ ±ha½su “sace, bhante, samm±sambuddho arogo abhaviss±, addh± te muddhamatthake hattha½ pas±retv± s²sa½ par±maseyy±”ti. Ett±vat± aya½ maggo tissatther±d²na½ viya dukkhassa atthaªgam±ya sa½vattati.

Sakko pana dev±namindo attano pañcavidha½ pubbanimitta½ disv± maraºabhayasantajjito domanassaj±to bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± pañha½ pucchi. So upekkh±pañhavissajjan±vas±ne as²tisahass±hi devat±hi saddhi½ sot±pattiphale patiµµh±si. S± cassa upapatti puna p±katik±va ahosi.

Subrahm±pi devaputto acchar±sahassapariv±ro saggasampatti½ anubhoti, tattha pañcasat± acchar±yo rukkhato pupph±ni ocinantiyo cavitv± niraye upapann±. So “ki½ im± cir±yant²”ti upadh±rento t±sa½ niraye nibbattabh±va½ disv± “kittaka½ nu kho mama ±y³”ti upaparikkhanto attanopi ±yuparikkhaya½ viditv± tattheva niraye nibbattanabh±va½ disv± bh²to ativiya domanassaj±to hutv± “ima½ me domanassa½ satth± vinayissati na añño”ti avases± pañcasat± acchar±yo gahetv± bhagavanta½ upasaªkamitv± pañha½ pucchi–

“Nicca½ utrastamida½ citta½, nicca½ ubbiggida½ mano;
anuppannesu kicchesu, atho uppatitesu ca;
sace atthi anutrasta½, ta½ me akkh±hi pucchito”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.98).

Tato na½ bhagav± ±ha–

“N±ññatra bojjh± tapas±, n±ññatrindriyasa½var±;
n±ññatra sabbanissagg±, sotthi½ pass±mi p±ºinan”ti. (Sa½. ni. 1.98).

So desan±pariyos±ne pañcahi acchar±satehi saddhi½ sot±pattiphale patiµµh±ya ta½ sampatti½ th±vara½ katv± devalokameva agam±s²ti Evamaya½ maggo bh±vito sakk±d²na½ viya domanassassa atthaªgam±ya sa½vattat²ti veditabbo.

ѱyassa adhigam±y±ti ñ±yo vuccati ariyo aµµhaªgiko maggo, tassa adhigam±ya, pattiy±ti vutta½ hoti. Ayañhi pubbabh±ge lokiyo satipaµµh±namaggo bh±vito lokuttarassa maggassa adhigam±ya sa½vattati. Ten±ha “ñ±yassa adhigam±y±”ti. Nibb±nassa sacchikiriy±y±ti taºh±v±navirahitatt± nibb±nanti laddhan±massa amatassa sacchikiriy±ya, attapaccakkhat±y±ti vutta½ hoti. Ayañhi maggo bh±vito anupubbena nibb±nasacchikiriya½ s±dheti. Ten±ha “nibb±nassa sacchikiriy±y±”ti.

Tattha kiñc±pi “satt±na½ visuddhiy±”ti vutte sokasamatikkam±d²ni atthato siddh±neva honti, µhapetv± pana s±sanayuttikovide aññesa½ na p±kaµ±ni, na ca bhagav± paµhama½ s±sanayuttikovida½ jana½ katv± pacch± dhamma½ deseti. Tena teneva pana suttena ta½ ta½ attha½ ñ±peti. Tasm± idha ya½ ya½ attha½ ek±yanamaggo s±dheti, ta½ ta½ p±kaµa½ katv± dassento “sokaparidev±na½ samatikkam±y±”ti-±dim±ha. Yasm± v± y± satt±na½ visuddhi ek±yanamaggena sa½vattati, s± sokaparidev±na½ samatikkamena hoti, sokaparidev±na½ samatikkamo dukkhadomanass±na½ atthaªgamena, dukkhadomanass±na½ atthaªgamo ñ±yass±dhigamena, ñ±yass±dhigamo nibb±nassa sacchikiriy±ya. Tasm± imampi kama½ dassento “satt±na½ visuddhiy±”ti vatv± “sokaparidev±na½ samatikkam±y±”ti-±dim±ha.

Apica vaººabhaºanameta½ ek±yanamaggassa. Yatheva hi bhagav± “dhamma½ vo, bhikkhave, desess±mi ±dikaly±ºa½ majjhekaly±ºa½ pariyos±nakaly±ºa½ s±ttha½ sabyañjana½ kevalaparipuººa½ parisuddha½ brahmacariya½ pak±sess±mi, yadida½ chachakk±n²”ti (ma. ni. 3.420) chachakkadesan±ya aµµhahi padehi vaººa½ abh±si, yath± ca ariyava½sadesan±ya “catt±rome, bhikkhave, ariyava½s± aggaññ± rattaññ± va½saññ± por±º± asa½kiºº± asa½kiººapubb± na sa½k²yanti, na sa½k²yissanti, appaµikuµµh± samaºehi br±hmaºehi viññ³h²”ti (a. ni. 4.28) navahi padehi vaººa½ abh±si, eva½ imassapi ek±yanamaggassa satt±na½ visuddhiy±ti-±d²hi sattahi padehi vaººa½ abh±si.

Kasm± iti ce? Tesa½ bhikkh³na½ uss±hajananattha½. Vaººabh±sanañhi sutv± te bhikkh³ “aya½ kira maggo hadayasant±pabh³ta½ soka½, v±c±vippal±pabh³ta½ parideva½, k±yika-as±tabh³ta½ dukkha½, cetasika-as±tabh³ta½ domanassanti catt±ro upaddave hanati, visuddhi½ ñ±ya½ nibb±nanti tayo visese ±vahat²”ti uss±haj±t± ima½ dhammadesana½ uggahetabba½ pariy±puºitabba½ dh±retabba½ v±cetabba½, imañca magga½ bh±vetabba½ maññissanti. Iti tesa½ bhikkh³na½ uss±hajananattha½ vaººa½ abh±si, kambalav±ºij±dayo kambal±d²na½ vaººa½ viya.

Yath± hi satasahassagghanikapaº¹ukambalav±ºijena kambala½ gaºhath±ti ugghositepi asukakambaloti na t±va manuss± j±nanti. Kesakambalav±lakambal±dayopi hi duggandh± kharasamphass± kambal±tveva vuccanti. Yad± pana tena gandh±rako rattakambalo sukhumo ujjalo sukhasamphassoti ugghosita½ hoti, tad± ye pahonti, te gaºhanti. Ye na pahonti, tepi dassanak±m± honti, evameva½ “ek±yano aya½, bhikkhave, maggo”ti vuttepi asukamaggoti na t±va p±kaµo hoti. N±nappak±rak± hi aniyy±namagg±pi magg±tveva vuccanti. “Satt±na½ visuddhiy±”ti-±dimhi pana vutte “aya½ kira maggo catt±ro upaddave hanati, tayo visese ±vahat²”ti uss±haj±t± ima½ dhammadesana½ uggahetabba½ pariy±puºitabba½ dh±retabba½ v±cetabba½, imañca magga½ bh±vetabba½ maññissant²ti vaººa½ bh±santo “satt±na½ visuddhiy±”ti-±dim±ha. Yath± ca satasahassagghanikapaº¹ukambalav±ºijopam±, eva½ rattajambunadasuvaººa-udakappas±dakamaºiratanasuvisuddhamutt±ratanadhotapav±¼±div±ºij³pam±dayopettha ±haritabb±.

Yadidanti nip±to, ye imeti ayamassa attho. Catt±roti gaºanaparicchedo, tena na tato heµµh± na uddhanti satipaµµh±napariccheda½ d²peti. Satipaµµh±n±ti tayo satipaµµh±n± satigocaropi, tidh± paµipannesu s±vakesu satthuno paµigh±nunayav²tivattat±pi, satipi. “Catunna½ bhikkhave, satipaµµh±n±na½ samudayañca atthaªgamañca desess±mi, ta½ suº±tha…pe…. Ko ca, bhikkhave, k±yassa samudayo? ¾h±rasamuday± k±yasamudayo”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 3.408) hi satigocaro satipaµµh±nanti vuccati. Tath± “k±yo paµµh±na½, no sati. Sati paµµh±nañceva sati c±”ti-±d²supi (paµi. ma. 3.35). Tassattho– patiµµh±ti asminti paµµh±na½. K± patiµµh±ti? Sati. Satiy± paµµh±na½ satipaµµh±na½. Padh±naµµh±nanti v± paµµh±na½. Satiy± paµµh±na½ satipaµµh±na½, hatthiµµh±na-assaµµh±n±d²ni viya. “Tayo satipaµµh±n±, yadariyo sevati, yadariyo sevam±no satth± gaºamanus±situmarahat²”ti (ma. ni. 3.311) etth±pi tidh± paµipannesu s±vakesu satthuno paµigh±nunayav²tivattat± “satipaµµh±nan”ti vutt±. Tassattho– paµµhapetabbato paµµh±na½, pavattayitabbatoti attho. Kena paµµhapetabbatoti? Satiy±. Satiy± paµµh±na½ satipaµµh±nanti. “Catt±ro satipaµµh±n± bh±vit± bahul²kat± satta bojjhaªge parip³rent²”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 5.989) pana satiyeva “satipaµµh±nan”ti vuccati. Tassattho– patiµµh±t²ti paµµh±na½, upaµµh±ti okkantitv± pakkhanditv± pavattat²ti attho. Satiyeva paµµh±na½ satipaµµh±na½. Atha v± saraºaµµhena sati, upaµµh±naµµhena paµµh±na½. Iti sati ca s± paµµh±nañc±tipi satipaµµh±na½. Idamidha adhippeta½.

Yadi eva½, kasm± “satipaµµh±n±”ti bahuvacana½? Satibahutt±. ¾rammaºabhedena hi bahuk± et± satiyo. Atha maggoti kasm± ekavacana½? Maggaµµhena ekatt±. Catassopi hi et± satiyo maggaµµhena ekatta½ gacchanti. Vuttañheta½ “maggoti kenaµµhena maggo? Nibb±nagamanaµµhena, nibb±natthikehi maggan²yaµµhena c±”ti. Catassopi cet± aparabh±ge k±y±d²su ±rammaºesu kicca½ s±dhayam±n± nibb±na½ gacchanti. ¾dito paµµh±ya ca nibb±natthikehi magg²yanti, tasm± catassopi eko maggoti vuccanti Evañca sati vacan±nusandhin± s±nusandhik±va desan± hoti, “m±rasenappamaddana½ vo, bhikkhave, magga½ desess±mi, ta½ suº±tha…pe… katamo ca, bhikkhave, m±rasenappamaddano maggo? Yadida½ sattabojjhaªg±”ti-±d²su (sa½. ni. 5.224) viya hi yath± m±rasenappamaddanoti ca sattabojjhaªg±ti ca atthato eka½, byañjanamevettha n±na½. Eva½ ek±yanamaggoti ca catt±ro satipaµµh±n±ti ca atthato eka½, byañjanamevettha n±na½. Tasm± maggaµµhena ekatt± ekavacana½, ±rammaºabhedena satibahutt± bahuvacana½ veditabba½.